<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">economyprom</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экономика промышленности / Russian Journal of Industrial Economics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Industrial Economics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-1633</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-662X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MISIS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/2072-1633-2024-4-1346</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">economyprom-1346</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Экономика природопользования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Environmental economics</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оперативное прогнозирование расхода топливного газа  в газотранспортных обществах ПАО «Газпром»</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Operative forecasting of fuel gas consumption in gas transportation companies</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7722-8044</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудрявцев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudryavtsev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрей Алексеевич Кудрявцев – д-р. экон. наук, профессор кафедры статистики и эконометрики</p><p>191023, Санкт-Петербург, наб. канала Грибоедова, д. 30-32</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey A. Kudryavtsev – Dr.Sci. (Econ.), Professor of the Chair for Statistics and Econometrics</p><p>30-32 Griboedov Canal Emb., St. Petersburg 191023</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kudr2007@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6541-666X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ланин</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lanin</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Николаевич Ланин – аспирант</p><p>191023, Санкт-Петербург, наб. канала Грибоедова, д. 30-32</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey N. Lanin – Postgraduate Student, Graduate School of the Chair for Statistics and Econometrics</p><p>30-32 Griboedov Canal Emb., St. Petersburg 191023</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">S.Lanin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургского государственный экономический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State University of Economics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>401</fpage><lpage>423</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кудрявцев А.А., Ланин С.Н., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кудрявцев А.А., Ланин С.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kudryavtsev A.A., Lanin S.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ecoprom.misis.ru/jour/article/view/1346">https://ecoprom.misis.ru/jour/article/view/1346</self-uri><abstract><p>В современных условиях экономии энергетических ресурсов и повышения эффективности газотранспортных систем актуальной задачей является разработка подходов для повышения точности прогнозирования расхода топливного газа на компрессорных станциях. В статье анализируются подходы и алгоритмы прогнозирования объемов газа, необходимого для технологических и собственных нужд компрессорных станций при компримировании (сжатии) газа в газотранспортных обществах ПАО «Газпром». Представлена классификация расходов газа на технологические нужды и потери, подчеркивается значимость управления расходом топливного газа для оптимизации себестоимости транспортировки природного газа.</p><p>Цель исследования — разработка подхода к оперативному прогнозированию расхода топливного газа на компрессорных станциях газотранспортных обществ, который позволит повысить экономическую эффективность и снизить эксплуатационные затраты газотранспортного общества. Для достижения цели решены следующие задачи: анализ существующих методов прогнозирования, исследование способов обработки данных и выявления ошибок и аномалий, сравнение различных моделей регрессии для обеспечения высокой точности прогнозов.</p><p>В исследовании использованы методы очистки и предварительной обработки данных, включая метод изоляционного леса (Isolation Forest) для обнаружения аномалий, а также различные регрессионные модели, такие как множественная линейная регрессия, RandomForestRegressor, CatBoostRegressor и XGBoost. Для сегментации данных применен кластерный анализ (KMeans), что позволило повысить точность моделей. Точность прогнозов оценивалась с помощью t-теста, F-теста и метрики средней абсолютной процентной ошибки (MAPE).</p><p>Результаты исследования подтвердили высокую точность предложенного подхода, что свидетельствует о его потенциале для оптимизации топливных затрат в газотранспортных обществах.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In the current context of energy resource conservation and increased effi ciency of gas transportation systems, developing approaches to improve the accuracy of fuel gas consumption forecasting at compressor stations is a pressing task. This paper analyzes approaches and algorithms for forecasting the volumes of gas needed for the technological and internal needs of compressor stations during gas compression within the gas transportation organizations of Gazprom PJSC. A classifi cation of gas consumption for technological needs and losses is presented, emphasizing the importance of managing fuel gas consumption to optimize the cost of natural gas transportation.</p><p>The goal of this study is to develop an approach for operational forecasting of fuel gas consumption at compressor stations of gas transportation organizations, aimed at increasing economic effi ciency and reducing operating costs. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were undertaken: analysis of existing forecasting methods, investigation of data processing techniques for detecting errors and anomalies, and comparison of various regression models to ensure high forecast accuracy.</p><p>The study employed data cleaning and preprocessing methods, including the Isolation Forest method for anomaly detection, as well as various regression models such as multiple linear regression, RandomForestRegressor, CatBoostRegressor, and XGBoost. Data segmentation was performed using cluster analysis (KMeans), which allowed for improved model accuracy. Forecast accuracy was assessed using t-tests, F-tests, and the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) metric.</p><p>The results of the study confi rmed the high accuracy of the proposed approach, demonstrating its potential for optimizing fuel costs in gas transportation organizations.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>газовая промышленность</kwd><kwd>природный газ</kwd><kwd>компрессорные станции</kwd><kwd>топливный газ</kwd><kwd>расход газа</kwd><kwd>оперативное прогнозирование расхода газа</kwd><kwd>модели регрессии</kwd><kwd>экономическая эффективность</kwd><kwd>оптимизация себестоимости</kwd><kwd>анализ аномалий</kwd><kwd>ПАО «Газпром»</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>gas industry</kwd><kwd>natural gas</kwd><kwd>compressor stations</kwd><kwd>fuel gas</kwd><kwd>gas consumption</kwd><kwd>operational forecasting of gas consumption</kwd><kwd>regression models</kwd><kwd>economic efficiency</kwd><kwd>cost optimization</kwd><kwd>analysis of anomalies</kwd><kwd>Gazprom PJSC</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Посягин Б.С., Герке В.Г. Справочное пособие для работников диспетчерских служб газотранспортных систем. М.: ООО «Газпром экспо»; 2015. 796 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Посягин Б.С., Герке В.Г. Справочное пособие для работников диспетчерских служб газотранспортных систем. М.: ООО «Газпром экспо»; 2015. 796 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Халикова Э.Р. Управление затратами топливного газа в дочерних газотранспортных обществах ПАО «Газпром». Технико-технологические проблемы сервиса. 2021;(2((56)):55–62.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khalikova E.R. Fuel gas costs management in gas transmission subsidiaries of PJSC Gazprom. Tekhniko-tekhnologicheskie problemy servisa. 2021;(2((56)):55–62. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чернышов Ю.Ю. Применение автокодировщиков для выявления аномалий в киберфизических системах. Вестник Пермского университета. Математика. Механика. Информатика. 2022;(4(59)):89–94. https://doi.org/10.17072/1993-0550-2022-4-89-94</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chernyshov Y.Yu. About using of autoencoders for anomaly detection in cyber-physical systems. Bulletin of Perm University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Computer Science. 2022;(4(59)):89–94. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17072/1993-0550-2022-4-89-94</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чесноков М.Ю. Поиск аномалий во временных рядах на основе ансамблей алгоритмов DBSCAN. Искусственный интеллект и принятие решений. 2018;(1):98–106.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chesnokov M.Y. Time series anomaly detection based on DBSCAN ensembles. Iskusstvenniy Intellekt i Prinyatie Resheniy = Artificial Intelligence and Decision Making. 2018;(1):98–106. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chandola V., Banerjee A., Kumar V. Anomaly detection: A survey. ACM Computing Surveys. 2009;41(3):1–58. https://doi.org/10.1145/1541880.1541882</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chandola V., Banerjee A., Kumar V. Anomaly detection: A survey. ACM Computing Surveys. 2009;41(3):1–58. https://doi.org/10.1145/1541880.1541882</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dau H.A., Ciesielski V., Song A. Anomaly detection using replicator neural networks trained on examples of one class. In: Dick G. (ed.). Simulated evolution and learning. SEAL 2014. Lecture notes in computer science. Cham: Springer; 2014. Vol. 8886. P. 311–322. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13563-2_27</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dau H.A., Ciesielski V., Song A. Anomaly detection using replicator neural networks trained on examples of one class. In: Dick G. (ed.). Simulated evolution and learning. SEAL 2014. Lecture notes in computer science. Cham: Springer; 2014. Vol. 8886. P. 311–322. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13563-2_27</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шаталов К.В., Кириллова А.В. Применение критерия Стьюдента для оценки результатов межлабораторных сравнительных испытаний. Стандартные образцы. 2016;(1):42–49. https://doi.org/10.20915/2077-1177-2016-0-1-42-49</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shatalov K.V., Kirillova A.V. Application of Student t-test for evaluation of interlaboratory comparative tests results. Measurement Standards. Reference Materials. 2016;(1):42–49. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.20915/2077-1177-2016-0-1-42-49</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">NIST/SEMATECH e-Handbook of Statistical Methods. Exploratory Data Analysis: Measures of Skewness and Kurtosis. https://doi.org/10.18434/M32189</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">NIST/SEMATECH e-Handbook of Statistical Methods. Exploratory Data Analysis: Measures of Skewness and Kurtosis. https://doi.org/10.18434/M32189</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sallehuddin R., Shamsuddin S.M., Hashim S.Z.M. Hybridization model of linear and nonlinear time series data for forecasting. In: Second Asia inter. conf. on modelling and simulation (AMS 2008). Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 13–15 May, 2008. P. 597–602. https://doi.org/10.1109/AMS.2008.142</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sallehuddin R., Shamsuddin S.M., Hashim S.Z.M. Hybridization model of linear and nonlinear time series data for forecasting. In: Second Asia inter. conf. on modelling and simulation (AMS 2008). Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 13–15 May, 2008. P. 597–602. https://doi.org/10.1109/AMS.2008.142</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Breiman L. Random Forest. Machine Learning. 2001;45(1):5–32. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010933404324</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Breiman L. Random Forest. Machine Learning. 2001;45(1):5–32. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010933404324</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dorogush A.V., Ershov V., Gulin A. CatBoost: gradient boosting with categorical features support. 2018. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1810.11363</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dorogush A.V., Ershov V., Gulin A. CatBoost: gradient boosting with categorical features support. 2018. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1810.11363</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Friedman J. Greedy function approximation: a gradient boosting machine. The Annals of Statistics. 2000;29(5):1189–1232. https://doi.org/10.1214/aos/1013203451</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Friedman J. Greedy function approximation: a gradient boosting machine. The Annals of Statistics. 2000;29(5):1189–1232. https://doi.org/10.1214/aos/1013203451</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Subramaniyaswamy V., Logesh R. Adaptive KNN based recommender system through mining of user preferences. Wireless Personal Communications. 2017;97(2):2229–2247. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-017-4605-5</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Subramaniyaswamy V., Logesh R. Adaptive KNN based recommender system through mining of user preferences. Wireless Personal Communications. 2017;97(2):2229–2247. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-017-4605-5</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Van der Maaten L., Hinton G. Visualizing data using t-sne. Journal of Machine Learning Research. 2008;9(2605):2579–2605.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Van der Maaten L., Hinton G. Visualizing data using t-sne. Journal of Machine Learning Research. 2008;9(2605):2579–2605.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ester M., Kriegel H.P., Sander J., Xu X. A densitybased algorithm for discovering clusters in large spatial databases with noise. In: Proc. of the 2nd Intern. Conf. on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (KDD-96); 1996. P. 226–231.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ester M., Kriegel H.P., Sander J., Xu X. A densitybased algorithm for discovering clusters in large spatial databases with noise. In: Proc. of the 2nd Intern. Conf. on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (KDD-96); 1996. P. 226–231.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arias-Castro E., Chen G., Lerman G. Spectral clustering based on local linear approximations. Electronic Journal of Statistics. 2011;(5):1537–1587. https://doi.org/10.1214/11-ejs651</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arias-Castro E., Chen G., Lerman G. Spectral clustering based on local linear approximations. Electronic Journal of Statistics. 2011;(5):1537–1587. https://doi.org/10.1214/11-ejs651</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дружков П.Н., Золотых Н.Ю., Половинкин А.Н. Реализация параллельного алгоритма предсказания в методе градиентного бустинга деревьев решений. Вестник Южно-Уральского государственного университета. Серия: Математическое моделирование и программирование. 2011;(37(254)):82–89.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Druzhkov P.N., Zolotykh N.Yu., Polovinkin A.N. Parallel implementation of prediction algorithm in gradient boosting trees method. Vestnik Yuzhno-ural’skogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Matematicheskoe modelirovanie i programmirovanie = Bulletin of the South Ural State University. Series: Mathematical Modeling and Programming. 2011;(37(254)):82–89. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
