The development and implementation of the strategy has long been the focus of scientists and practitioners. But, despite the extensive scientific Arsenal, the tasks facing economic managers do not become easier. In many ways, this situation is due to the fact that in the face of growing uncertainty, which is typical for any, both developed and developing markets, it is increasingly difficult to imagine the «image of the future» and formulate the strategy goals to subordinate the company’s activities to the achievement of these very goals. In a sense, the correct formulation of the problem of long-term development can serve as a foresight, which is used to identify factors that can have an impact on the economy and society in the medium and long term. However, what is the connection of foresight with the setting of goals of the strategy of the industrial enterprise and the choice of mechanisms for the implementation of the chosen strategy – these questions require answers, without which the scientific base of strategic management will not be complete. An attempt is made to find an answer to the question of what hinders industrial development under conditions when the scale of technological modernization is not accompanied by a change in the structure of production. The solution to this problem is proposed to be sought in institutional transformations, on the basis of a theoretical understanding of the laws that determine the technological development of modern industry and the application of the methods of the theory of artificial intelligence systems. The proposed approaches of economic and technological development of territories, states, industries and individual industrial enterprises will allow the most effective financing of investment programs for industrial development.