Value equilibrium analysis based on the New Theory of Value. I
https://doi.org/10.17073/2072-1633-2023-2-141-154
EDN: ZBPLSL
Abstract
The (traditional) labor theory of value, founded by Smith with the basic axiom that labor determines value, and supplemented and improved by Marx with the axiom that labor creates surplus-value. Neoclassical economics newly studied the utility theory of value, but it abandoned the traditional labor theory of value and theory of surplus-value. Under the basic axiomatic system analogous to theoretical mechanics, the above three theories of value has been included and developed by the new theory of value, which established the value complex variable function including three basic quantities of quantity, quality and time, as well as labor value, use-value and surplus-value. Starting from the value complex variable function, with the mathematical methods of Euler equation and Euler formula, this paper conduct a thorough and comprehensive analysis on the theory of value, under satisfactions of Marx’s first and second laws, focusing on value equilibrium by giving the mathematical explicit expressions of both value equilibrium function and price equilibrium function in various forms applicable to the general commodity economic movement process, so as to prove the existence and stability of the extremum solutions to the corresponding functions.
About the Authors
J. WuChina
Jie Wu – Researcher
27 Shanda Road, Jinan 250100
Z. Wu
China
Zili Wu – Engineer
Tower A-10B, Guangdong International Building, 339 Hunnish Dong Road, Guangzhou 510098
References
1. Smith A. An inquiry into the nature and causes of the wealth of nations. In 4 vol. N.Y.: Random House; 1994.
2. Marx K. Das capital. In Marx and Engels: Collected works. In 35 vol. London: Lawrence and Wishart; 1996. Vol. 1. 852 p.
3. Marx K. Das capital. In Marx and Engels: Collected works. In 35 vol. London: Lawrence and Wishart; 1996. Vol. 3. 954 p.
4. Jevons W.S. The Theory of political economy. 5th ed. N.Y.: Sentry Press; 1965. 339 p.
5. Menger C. Principle of economics. N.Y.: New York University Press; 1981. 286 p.
6. Walras L. Elements of pure economics. London: Allen and Unwin; 1954. 624 p.
7. Richardo D. On the principles of political economy and taxation. Ontario, Kitchener, Canada: Batoche Books; 2001. 313 p.
8. Tesla N. A machine to end war. As told to George Sylvester Viereck. Liberty; February, 1935:5–7.
9. Foley D.K. Recent developments in the labor theory of value. Review of Radical Political Economics. 2000;32(1):1–39. URL: http://digamo.free.fr/foley2000.pdf
10. Wu J., Makarov V.L., Bakhtizin A.R., Wu Z. The new theory of value. Economics and Mathematical Methods. 2020;56(4):5–19. https://doi.org/10.31857/S042473880012765-0
11. Debreu G. Theory of value: An axiomatic study of economic equilibrium. N.Y.: Wiley; 1959. 114 p.
12. Robinson J. The production function and the theory of capital. Contributions to Modern Economics. 1953;21(2):81–106. https://doi.org/10.2307/2296002
13. Arrow K.J. A difficulty in the concept of social welfare. Journal of Political Economy. 1950;58(4):328–346. https://doi.org/10.1086/256963
14. Arrow K.J. Social choice and individual values. N.Y.: Wiley; 1951. 124 p.
15. Bergson A. A reformulation of certain aspects of welfare economics. Quarterly Journal of Economics. 1938;52(2):310–334. https://doi.org/10.2307/1881737
16. Bergson A. Socialist economics. In: H.S. Ellis, ed. A survey of contemporary economics. Homewood: Irwin; 1948.
17. Samuelson P.A. Foundations of economic analysis. Cambridge: Harvard University Press; 1947. 604 p.
18. Sen A. Social choice theory. In: Arrow K., Intriligator M., eds. Handbook of mathematical economics. Amsterdam: North Holland; 1986. Vol. 3. Ch. 22.
19. Arrow K.J., Debreu G. Existence of an equilibrium for a competitive economy. Econometrica. 1954;22(3):265–290. https://doi.org/10.1017/CCOL052123736X.005
20. Clark J.B. The philosophy of value. The New Englander. 1881;40:457–469.
21. Clark J.B. The philosophy of wealth. Washington, DC: BiblioLife; 1885. 265 p.
22. Wicksteed P.H. An essay on the coordination of the laws of distribution. N.Y.: Macmillan; 1894. 600 p.
23. Clark J.B. The distribution of wealth. N.Y.: Macmillan; 1899. 445 p.
24. Cobb C.W., Douglas P.H. A theory of production. American Economic Review. 1928;18(1 suppl.):139–165. URL: https://discoversocialsciences.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/theory_production-cobb_charles-1928.pdf
25. Douglas P.H. The theory of wages. N.Y.: Macmillan; 1934. 600 p.
26. Douglas P.H. The Cobb-Douglas production function once again: Its history, its testing, and some new empirical values. Journal of Political Economy. 1976;84(5):903–916. URL: http://ecocritique.free.fr/douglas1976.pdf
27. Tinbergen J. Production, income and welfare: The search for an optimal social order. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press; 1985. 210 p.
28. Lucas R.E. Expectations and the neutrality of money. Journal of Economic Theory. 1972;4(2):103–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0531(72)90142-1
29. Kydland F., Prescott E.C. Time to build and aggregate fluctuations. Econometrica. 1982;50(6):1345–1371. https://doi.org/10.2307/1913386
30. Prescott E.C., Wallace N. Contractual arrangements for intertemporal trade. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press; 1988. 176 p.
31. Ilinski K. Physics of finance: Gauge modelling in nonequilibrium pricing. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc.; 2001. 352 p.
32. Chen X., Wang B. Space of Ricci flows (II) – Part B: Weak compactness of the flows. Journal of Differential Geometry. 2020;116(1):1–123. https://doi.org/10.4310/jdg/1599271253
33. Sraffa P., ed. The works and correspondence of David Ricardo. In 11 vol. Vol. 4. Pamphlets and Papers 1815–1823. London: Cambridge University Press; 1951. 422 p.
34. Wu J. On wealth. Beijing: Peking University Press; 2012. Vol. II.
35. Wu J., Wu Z. Analysis of market equilibrium based on the new theory of value. SCIREA Journal of Economics. 2021;6(4):71–113. https://doi.org/10.54647/economics79260
36. Wu J. On Wealth. Beijing: Qinghua University Press; 2006. Vol. I.
Review
For citations:
Wu J., Wu Z. Value equilibrium analysis based on the New Theory of Value. I. Russian Journal of Industrial Economics. 2023;16(2):141-154. https://doi.org/10.17073/2072-1633-2023-2-141-154. EDN: ZBPLSL