数字化与数字平台在区域工业战略发展中的作用

数字化正在成为经济增长最重要的驱动力，尤其是在区域发展不平衡加剧、先进技术获 取渠道受限的条件下。在此背景下，加之制裁带来的压力、市场转型和进口替代的挑战的加 剧，重新审视数字化平台和基础设施在区域层面确保工业可持续发展方面的作用这一问题变得 尤为突出。在此情况下，识别有助于数字化转型和劳动生产率增长的因素至关重要。本文探讨 了数字通信渠道发展、宽带互联网、政府机构数字化成熟度以及技术投资对区域经济（尤其是 制造业）劳动生产率的影响。结果表明，数字化的影响呈现异质性：在技术发达、基础设施完 善且信息通信技术能力水平较高的地区，产生的效果更为显著。制度条件和政府监管质量（包 括支持国内数字化解决方案的措施）发挥着重要作用。该研究基于2021-2023年俄罗斯各地 区的面板数据，并采用固定效应模型和随机效应模型进行计量经济学建模。结果表明，劳动生 产率增长的关键驱动因素是宽带通信技术的发展、政府机构的数字化成熟度以及对数字技术的 定向投资。本研究的新颖之处在于采用全面且多维度的方法来评估数字化对区域工业发展的影 响，不仅考虑了技术因素，还考虑了制度因素，例如政府机构的数字化成熟度和对国内信息技 术解决方案的支持。本研究比较分析了数字化因素对整体经济和制造业劳动生产率的影响。使 用了反映积极适应制裁限制和进口替代期间的相关面板数据。研究引入了政府机构数字化成熟 度和实施数字化技术的成本等指标，并对其进行了计量经济学评估。研究揭示了数字化影响的 异质性取决于各地区的技术发展水平，这使得制定差异化战略成为可能。

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