The impact of digital economy on the transformation of the labor market and forming new business models
https://doi.org/10.17073/2072-1633-2018-3-296-304
Abstract
The beginning of the XXI century is marked by the advent of the digital economy. In order to achieve the expected results from the digital revolution in economic and social terms, it is necessary to develop a mechanism for managing the digital transformation of the economy, in the implementation of which representatives of all stakeholders must take an active part: the state, business, education system, civil society. There are quite a lot of forecasts of negative consequences of the fourth industrial revolution, namely its latest technological achievements – robotics, digitalization, artificial intelligence, etc. – on the state of employment in the labor market on the scale of a single country and the entire global space. The constructive dialogue of the participants in the digital transformation should be based on the analysis of the impact of technological progress on employment in several aspects: short – term – temporary increase in unemployment due to the discrepancy between the structure of demand and the structure of labor supply; long-term-on the progressive reduction of demand for labor due to its technologization. The article focuses on the need for high-quality training of qualified personnel, demanded by the labor market and the real sector of the economy, the relevance of competencies which will be maintained in the long term. The author emphasizes that at the same time that technological progress leads to the elimination of «old» professions, it also dictates the need for the emergence of fundamentally new professions and the creation of new jobs, the effect of which can be significantly higher. The conducted research allowed to identify the prospects and possibilities of the technological transformation in the various sectors of the economy, at the same time stresses the need to undertake analysis of its economic feasibility in relation to the specific features of each company. The analysis of digital transformation of the industry has allowed to reveal new progressive business models, the axis of which are digital technologies.
About the Author
M. A. IzmailovaRussian Federation
Dr . Sci . (Econ .), Professor
49 Leningradsky Prospekt, Moscow 125993
References
1. Order of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 28.07.2017 No. 1632-R on approval of the program «Digital economy of the Russian Federation». Available at: http://static.government.ru/media/files/9gFM4FHj4PsB79I5v7yLVuPgu4bvR7M0.pdf (accessed: 23.05.2018). (In Russ.)
2. Leydesdorff L. The Triple Helix, Quadruple Helix, ..., and an N-Tuple of Helices: Explanatory Models for Analyzing the Knowledge-Based Economy? Journal of the Knowledge Economy. 2012. Vol. 3. No. 5. Pp. 25–35. DOI: 10.1007/s13132-011-0049-4
3. Westerman G., Bonnet D., McAfee A. Leading Digital: Turning Technology into Business Transformation. Cambridge: Harvard Business Review Press, 2014. 292 p.
4. Shvab K. Chetvertaya promyshlennaya revolyutsiya [The Fourth industrial revolution]. Moscow: Eksmo, 2016. 208 p. (In Russ.)
5. WEF (2016) The Future of Jobs – Employment, Skills and Workforce Strategy for the Forth Industrial Revolution. Global Challenge Insight Report. January 2016. Geneva: World Economic Forum. Available at: http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Future_of_Jobs.pdf (accessed: 30.06.2018).
6. Frey C.B., Osborne M.A. The Future оf Employment: How Susceptible аre Jobs to Computerisation? Oxford (UK): Oxford University Press, 2013. Available at: https://www.oxfordmartin.ox.ac.uk/downloads/academic/The_Future_of_Employment.pdf (accessed: 25.05.2018).
7. The OECD Digital Economy Outlook 2017. Available at: http://www.oecd.org/sti/oecd-digitaleconomy-outlook-2017-9789264276284-en.htm (accessed: 27.05.2018).
8. World Development Report 2016 Digital dividends. Overview. 2016. Available at: http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/224721467988878739/pdf/102724-WDR-WDR2016Overview-RUSSIANWebRes-Box-394840B-OUO-9.pdf (accessed: 30.05.2018). (In Russ.)
9. Idrisov G.I., Knyaginin V.N., Kudrin A.L., Rozhkova E.S. New technological revolution: Challenges and opportunities for Russia. Voprosy Ekonomiki = Issues of Economics. 2018. No. 4. Pp. 5–25. (In Russ.)
10. Hermann M., Pentek T., Otto B. Design Principles for Industrie 4.0 Scenarios. The 49th Hawaii International Conference on System Science (HICSS). Computer Society Press, 2016. Pp. 3928–3937. https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2016.488
11. Semjachkov K.A. Digital economy and its role in the management of modern socio-economic relations. Modern Management Technology. 2017. No. 8(80). URL: https://sovman.ru/article/8001/ (accessed: 28.06.2018). (In Russ.)
12. Information and analytical report. Analysis of the world experience of industry development and approaches to digital transformation of industry of the member States of the Eurasian economic Union: Eurasian economic Commission. 2017. 116 p. Available at: http://www.eurasiancommission.org/ru/act/prom_i_agroprom/dep_prom/SiteAssets/Материалы%20в%20разделе%20Аналитика/Отраслевые%20обзоры/ЦИФРОВАЯ%20ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЯ%20ПРОМЫШЛЕННОСТИ%2013.02.2017.pdf (accessed: 01.07.2018). (In Russ.)
13. Panshin B. The Digital economy: characteristics and trends of development. Nauka i innovacii = Science and innovations. 2016. Vol. 3. No. 157. Pp. 17–20. (In Russ.)
14. Made in China 2025: Global Ambitions Built on Local Protections. U.S. Chamber of Commerce. 2017. 81 р. Available at: https://www.uschamber.com/sites/default/files/final_made_in_china_2025_report_full.pdf (accessed: 01.07.2018). (In Russ.)
15. Kupriyanov Yu. Digital transformation and exponential technologies as a basis for new business models. Available at: https://bi.hse.ru/data/2017/03/31/1168546830/КС28.03%20-%20Юрий%20Куприянов.pdf (accessed: 01.07.2018). (In Russ.)
16. Andreeva G.N., Badal’yants S.V., Bogatyreva T.G., Borodai V.A., Dudkina O.V., Zubarev A.E., Kaz’mina L.N., Minasyan L.A., Mironov L.V., Strizhov S.A., Sher M.L. Razvitie tsifrovoi ekonomiki v Rossii kak klyuchevoi faktor ekonomicheskogo rosta i povysheniya kachestva zhizni naseleniya [Development of digital economy in Russia as a key factor of economic growth and improvement of quality of life]. Nizhny Novgorod: Izdatel’stvo «Professional’naya nauka», 2018. 131 p. (In Russ.)
17. Schuh G., Potente T., Wesch-Ponte C., Weber A.R., Prote J.-P. Collaboration Mechanisms to Increase Productivity in the Context of Industrie 4.0. Procedia CIRP. 2014. Vol. 19. Pp. 51–56. DOI: 10.1016/j.procir.2014.05.016
18. Kelly T., Liaplina A., Tan S.H., Winkler H. Reaping Digital Dididends: Leveraging the Internet for Development in Europe and Central Asia. World Bank Group. 2017. 231 p.
19. Kupriyanov Yu.V. Business system in the paradigm of strategic management. Rossiiskoe predprinimatel’stvo =Journal of Russian Entrepreneurship. 2015. No. 16(24). Pp. 4341–4354. (In Russ.)
20. Key Issues for Digital Transformation in the G20. Report prepared for a joint G20. OECD conference. Berlin, 2017. Available at: http://www.oecd.org/G20/key-issues-for-digital-transformation-in-the-G20.pdf (accessed: 01.07.2018).
Review
For citations:
Izmailova M.A. The impact of digital economy on the transformation of the labor market and forming new business models. Russian Journal of Industrial Economics. 2018;11(3):296-304. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.17073/2072-1633-2018-3-296-304