从经济学的理论视角重新思考社会契约背景下的产业政策

本文的目的是从社会契约的视角反思产业政策，探讨以下问题：工业领域私营企业的主动性与公共政策之间的关系；生产与租金作为公共福利的来源；自由贸易与保护主义措施；知识转移与技术主权保护；国际分工与确保不依赖进口，自给自足；以及关于人力资本发展优先事项的谈判。本文的假设是，产业政策的制定和调整是在社会契约框架内协调社会、企业和政府在重大政策问题上的利益的结果。作者通过统一的框架逐步论证了这一假设，研究了每一个指定问题：界定产业政策背景下选择对象类型的起源、概念及在经济学理论中的地位，确定社会/企业在这种选择框架中的角色，协调经济主体在产业政策的制定和调整中的利益。研究结 政治和社会条件的变化，是成功实施国家经济政策（包括产业政策）的重要因素。因此，这些政策应成为社会、企业和政府之间谈判的主题，以创造互惠互利的合作条件。

1. Белл Д. Грядущее постиндустриальное общество. Опыт социального прогнозирования. Пер. с англ. М.: Academia; 2004. 788 с. (Пер. с англ.: Bell D. The Coming of post-industrial society. Experience of social forecasting. New York: Basic Books; 1973. 507 p.)

2. Хабермас Ю. Вовлечение другого: очерки политической теории. Пер. с англ. СПб.: Наука; 2001. 417 с. (Пер. с англ.: Habermas J. The inclusion of the other: studies in political theory. Great Britain: Polity Press: Blackwell Publishers Ltd; 1999. 417 p.)

3. Brooke Ch. (ed.) Hobbes T. Leviathan. Penguin Classics; 2017. 688 p.

4. Locke J. Two treatises of government. Cambridge texts in the history of political thought. Cambridge, England; New York: Cambridge University Press; 1988. 478 p.

5. Руссо Ж.-Ж. Об общественном договоре: трактаты. М.: Канон-Пресс-Ц: Кучково поле; 1998. 416 с. (Пер. с англ.: Rousseau J.-J. The social contract; or principles of political right. New York: Eckler; 1893. 416 p.)

6. Rawls J. A theory of justice. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press; 1971. 624 p.

7. Gauthier D. Morals by agreement. New York: Oxford University Press; 1986. 357 p.

8. Binmore K. Game theory and the social contract. Vol. 1. Playing fair. Cambridge University Press: MIT Press; 1994. 388 р.

9. Buchanan J., Tullock G. The calculus of consent: logical foundations of constitutional democracy. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press; 1962. 361 p.

10. Scanlon T. What we owe to each other. London: Belk- nap Press of Harvard University Press; 1999. 432 р.

11. Shafik M. What we owe each other: A new social contract for a better society. Princeton University Press; 2021. 256 р.

12. Sen A. The idea of justice. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press; 2009. 497 p.

13. Solow R.M. A Contribution to the Theory of Economic Growth. The Quarterly Journal of Economics. 1956;70(1):65–94.

14. Mankiw N.G., Romer D., Weil D.N. A Contribution to the Empirics of Economic Growth. The Quarterly Journal of Economics. 1992;107(2):407–437.

15. Lucas R.E. Lectures on Economic Growth. Boston: Harvard University Press, 2004. 224 p.

16. Auty R. Sustaining development in mineral economies: The resource curse thesis. London; New York: Routledge; 1993. 272 p.

17. Barro R.J. Democracy and growth. Journal of Economic Growth. 1996;1:1–27. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00163340

18. Ross M. Does oil hinder democracy? World Politics. 2001;53(3):325–361. https://doi.org/10.1353/wp.2001.0011

19. Полтерович В., Попов В., Тонис А. Механизмы «ресурсного проклятия» и экономическая политика. Вопросы экономики. 2007;(6):4–27. https:// doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2007-6-4-27

20. Becker G.S. Human capital. A theoretical and empirical analysis, with special reference to education. University of Chicago Press; 1994. 412 p.

21. Acemoglu D., Robinson J.A. Why nations fail: The origins of power, prosperity, and poverty. Crown Business; 2013. 546 p.

22. Сасаев Н.И., Квинт В.Л. Стратегирование промышленного ядра национальной экономики. Экономика промышленности. 2024;17(3):245–260. https://doi.org/10.17073/2072-1633-2024-3-1349

23. Juhasz R., Lane N., Rodrik D. The new economics of industrial policy. The Annual Review of Economics. 2024;16;213–242. https://doi.org/10.1146/annureveconomics-081023-024638

24. Romer P.M. The origins of endogenous growth. Journal of Economic Perspectives. 1994;8(1):3–22. https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.8.1.3

25. Ostrom E. Governing the commons: The evolution of institutions for collective action. (Political economy of institutions and decisions). Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press; 1991. 298 p.

26. Лист Ф. Национальная система политической экономии. М.: Европа; 2005. 382 с.

27. Квинт В.Л., Новикова И.В., Алимурадов М.К. Согласованность глобальных и национальных интересов с региональными стратегическими приоритетами. Экономика и управление. 2021;27(11):900–909. https://doi.org/10.35854/1998-1627-2021-11-900-909