The article presents the results of a systematic study of Industry 6.0 which is the future stage of industrial development characterized by intelligent and technological immersive hyperconnection and physical-cognitive-emotional fusion of virtual (superior to digital) twins of humans and machines. The authors carry out a literary review synthesis of the existing defi nitions of Industry 6.0, suggest the authors’ defi nition and concept, systematize key technologies by six research projections: intelligent automation, sustainable development, human-machine interaction, information technologies and cybersecurity, machine learning, human resource management. Special attention is paid to the distinctive features of Industry 6.0 compared to Industries 4.0 and 5.0. Industry 6.0 involves the ubiquitous fusion of virtual twins of humans and machines that allows implementing ultrapersonalized production and create emotionally intelligent ecosystems, often with the help of quantum technologies. The authors discuss the opportunities of implementing Industry 6.0 in Russia basing on the national strategies on the data economics, technological sovereignty and the ‘Technet’ program of the National Technological Initiative. The limitations of the study are connected with the futuristic nature of Industry 6.0 concept, lack of suffi cient empiric base and limited amount of relevant scientifi c publications. The directions of further research may include development of practical models for the integration of intelligent ecosystems of Industry 6.0 into Russian production and technology sectors. Special attention should be paid to the development of the methods for assessment of economic and social effect from the implementation of the key technologies such as multiagent systems, quantum computing and the emotional intelligence of machines as well as to the study of the ways of their adaptation within the national strategies of technological sovereignty and the economics of data.

The article studies the practice of implementing the technology of creating digital twins in the energy system of foreign countries and that of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the study is to identify the key areas of application of the technology as well as the best Russian and international practices. The tasks include analyzing the factors of the internal and external environment that affect the pace of digitalization of the entire industry and implementation of the digital twin technology in particular. The study focuses on analyzing the problems and benefits of using the technology in solving regional energy problems as well as on evaluation of the impact of digitalization process on financial indicators of energy companies and the prospects for further expanded use of digital twin technology in Russia’s energy industry. The practice of implementation of digital twins by energy companies of Finland, Slovakia and Russia studied within the research carried out prove high effectiveness of their application in solving regional tasks of power industry by increasing their productivity and reliability of the distribution networks’ performance. Moreover, the projects of digitalization involving digital twins ensure the growth of the companies’ profits and profitability increasing their further potential for the implementation of innovation technologies.

High level of environmental safety of oil and gas regions is mainly achieved by solving the problems of economic effi ciency of natural resource use and of management of the complex of federal and regional projects for improving methods of environmental protection and environmental management. The purpose of the study is to develop a systematic rational approach to innovative development of environmental safety of the regions specializing in oil and gas on the basis of their interregional cluster organization in the conditions when it is essential to achieve higher levels of technological sovereignty and the dominance of circular economy strategies and decarbonization in the transforming global fuel and energy balance. To achieve the goal stated the author has carried out a theoretical study of the prospects of innovative resource directions for the development of the regional oil and gas industry and greening of regional economic systems as well as territorial distribution of regional industrial infrastructure to perform green energy transfer; theoretical studies of institutional mechanisms of strategic spatial development of Russia on the basis of interregional industrial cluster integration using highly profi table oil and gas revenues to develop and implement innovative principles of improving the environmental and economic effi ciency of the use of nature-like technologies, controlled environmental management, ESG factors, smart specialization of regions, local resource potential; regression analysis of dynamics and forecasting the volume of atmospheric pollution from stationary sources, the proportion of trapped and neutralized atmospheric pollutants from the total amount of gaseous pollutants emitted from stationary sources, as well as environment protection costs in the oil and gas regions; hierarchical clusterization of oil and gas regions by the amount of organizations applying innovations aimed at development of environmental safety, by material and energy fl ows, by reduction of CO2 emissions and use safe or less hazardous raw materials, by reduction of the level of environmental pollution and the use of waste recycling technologies.

The research has been conducted on the example of the Volga Federal District where the oil and gas regions are represented by the subjects with the budget-forming petrochemical complex such as the Republic of Bashkortostan (RB), the Republic of Tatarstan (RT), the Udmurt Republic (UR), the Perm Territory (PT), the Orenburg Region (OR) and the Samara Region (SR). As a result of the study conducted the author developed the economic paradigm of environmental safety of oil and gas regions based on the application of principles of horizontal innovative and industrial, scientifi c, technological and fi nancial policy.

In the current context of energy resource conservation and increased effi ciency of gas transportation systems, developing approaches to improve the accuracy of fuel gas consumption forecasting at compressor stations is a pressing task. This paper analyzes approaches and algorithms for forecasting the volumes of gas needed for the technological and internal needs of compressor stations during gas compression within the gas transportation organizations of Gazprom PJSC. A classifi cation of gas consumption for technological needs and losses is presented, emphasizing the importance of managing fuel gas consumption to optimize the cost of natural gas transportation.

The goal of this study is to develop an approach for operational forecasting of fuel gas consumption at compressor stations of gas transportation organizations, aimed at increasing economic effi ciency and reducing operating costs. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were undertaken: analysis of existing forecasting methods, investigation of data processing techniques for detecting errors and anomalies, and comparison of various regression models to ensure high forecast accuracy.

The study employed data cleaning and preprocessing methods, including the Isolation Forest method for anomaly detection, as well as various regression models such as multiple linear regression, RandomForestRegressor, CatBoostRegressor, and XGBoost. Data segmentation was performed using cluster analysis (KMeans), which allowed for improved model accuracy. Forecast accuracy was assessed using t-tests, F-tests, and the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) metric.

The results of the study confi rmed the high accuracy of the proposed approach, demonstrating its potential for optimizing fuel costs in gas transportation organizations.

National competitiveness and sustainability of socio-economic processes in towns and regions of the Russian Federation is directly dependent on the competent strategic planning, and it determines the need to study international experience in this subject area. The article presents a review of strategic planning documents of the European Union, Germany, France, the United States of America and the People’s Republic of China. The study of the international experience will allow implementing their best practices in a number of individual areas of strategic planning of the Russian Federation including the promotion of Russia’s interests and values in the neighbour countries (Belarus, Kazakhstan, China, etc.) (EU experience); development of strategies and programs through government orders (the experience of France); determination of priority directions of developing the national economy at the federal level, the level of subjects, business and society (the US experience); coordination of strategic planning with all representatives of the public before starting the programs’ implementation (the experience of China). The results of the analysis of the documents also can be used as atheoretical base in separate sections of educational disciplines as well as in scientific research conducted in the field of strategic planning.

In the modern economics the issues of innovation and industry development directly determine the features of formation or the national economic system. The article presents the analysis of the factors determining the effectiveness of the impact of innovation process on the sustainable development of the national economics. The purpose of the study is to reveal the signifi cance of innovation processes for development of the national economic system and identify the factors facilitating their improvement. Within the framework of the goal stated it is essential to analyze the existing peculiarities of development of Russia’s economics, basing on the world experience to evaluate the impact of the innovation process and the innovation segment of the economics on the development of the entire economic system, to make quantitative assessment of the role of innovation technologies in the formation of positive economic growth rates. To assess the signifi cance of innovation process formed within the growth of human capital and human development in infl uencing the improvement of the economic system, the author applies the following methods: comparison, quantitative analysis and generalization of the elements of the innovation component of industrial development in the national economics. The research carried out allowed discovering the determining role of innovation process in the development of the modern economics, evaluation the impact of the human capital on the process of creating new technologies, comparison of the role of the innovation process in the Russian economics and that of the USA. The results of the study are applicable in implementing the corrective actions of the government on stimulating economic and industrial growth, in planning and implementing the programs for strategic innovative development of industrial sectors in Russia as well as in carrying out further research in assessment of the role of innovation process in the national economic system.

At the present moment the Russian economy is being seriously influenced by foreign trade restrictions, international economic sanctions and measures of political pressure. Under these conditions the Government of Russia is using a wide range of measures to implement the import substitution policy aimed at compensating for the negative external impact. The article studies the economic essence of import substitution. The periodization of the import substitution policy in the Russian Federation has been done. Currently, the Russian economy is maintaining good dynamics in the reducing the import of foreign-made goods. For example, in 2019 the import share was 26% of the GDP, and in 2023 this indicator dropped to 19% or 32 trillion rubles. Consistent implementation of import substitution mechanisms into the structure of the national economy will ensure gradual reduction of the level of dependence of the domestic market on the foreign-made products. At present, companies operate in complicated economic conditions which are accompanied by special conditions for the performing foreign economic activity. With the consideration of these circumstances the authors have developed a model scheme of cooperation of the company management system and the import substitution policy. The proposed model allows detecting the interconnection between the government import substitution policy and the result of operation of the management system of modern companies. Company management systems vary depending on the area of their activity but when applying the existing tools of implementing the import substitution policy a company can achieve economic results of operation on the domestic market as well as in the foreign trade. Special significance in implementing the import substitution policy belongs to the management systems that deal with applying state support measures and tools. Effective functioning of company management systems with regard to the state’s import substitution policy helps to strengthen the country’s position in the world market and guarantees sustainable growth of the indicators of foreign economic activity.

The article is devoted to studying a social conflict between two groups of employees of a company during the process of development and implementation of innovation – the innovators and the adaptors. The purpose of the study is to justify the opportunity and the potential effects of applying the new approach based on socio-physical analogies to model and manage the conflicts in research and development process in a company. The author suggests a methodology based on contemporary post-non-classical paradigm formed on the principles of global evolutionism, interdisciplinarity, openness and non-linearity; on socio-physical approach to assessing the conflict; on the historical method of studying social phenomena in time and determining the connection between the past, present and future; on criticaldialectical method of analyzing the contradictions between social groups as the source of transformation; on the systematic analysis of the conflict as a complex self-developing in time process and the systematic synthesis for resolving social contractions in the research and development process in a company. The author introduces a method for classifying employees into two groups depending on their attitude to new ideas, solutions and way of behavior in solving creative tasks – the innovators and the adaptors. It is believed that project teams in development and implementation of innovation should consist of employees of both types. However, working in one team with people of antagonistic views can cause conflict situations. It is justified that to model and manage such social conflicts it is possible to apply methods of socio-physics ensuring the representation of conflict as a change in behavioral reactions and aimed at ensuring the cohesion of group members and their depolarization. The significance of the study lies in providing the opportunity to analyze the contradictions of the participants’ interests in the process of their interaction in performing the tasks of development and implementation of innovation on the basis of socio-physical approach. The developed methodology takes into account the revealed peculiarities of the research and development process, complex intra-group and intergroup relations of the confl icting groups, allows working out the requirements to modelling the process of the conflict interaction and forecasting its development scenarios.

In terms of growing competition companies have to constantly improve their production processes and seek for reserves for further development. One of the perspective solutions to this problem is investment in human capital of the staff, and in particular, into programs aimed at healthcare. The purpose of the article is to study company healthcare programs as one of the means of investment in health capital and a factor of increasing labour productivity and the further development of recommendations on improving the effect of these programs. Two big metallurgical companies were chosen as the objects of the study, and the data from their annual reports was used to carry out the comparative analysis of the content of the companies’ healthcare programs, to evaluate the effectiveness of the investment on the basis of injury rates, and to check the hypothesis of the impact of investments in health capital on labor productivity. The results of the study have shown that the companies under consideration differ in the approaches to formulate the content of the companies’ healthcare programs: one of the companies applies the complex approach involving a wide range of measures while another one focuses on solutions that are more individual for the employees. The analysis of the injury rates has revealed that both companies demonstrate higher standards in labour safety in comparison with the average industry level. The correlation analysis has proved that there is a dependence of investment in the health capital on the labour productivity. In conclusion he author makes some recommendations for the employers on optimization of investment in the personnel health capital. The results obtained emphasize the signifi cance of the company healthcare programs for increasing the effectiveness of the company performance and point out the importance of further research to optimize these programs and develop more effi cient methods of strengthening the employees’ health within the employers’ initiatives.