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Russian Journal of Industrial Economics

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No 1 (2014)
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https://doi.org/10.17073/2072-1633-2014-1

Development strategy

3-8 671
Abstract

In modern conditions of large producers tend to increase the efficiency of commercial activities by using, along with traditional methods of communication, new mechanisms and regulation of relationships. The article deals with the issues of participation of sellers in the conferences of suppliers, which, in the opinion of the author, are a form of realizing the potential of social structures.

In particular, the approach to the organization of market communications in the formation and operation of social structures, is aimed at building closer relations between suppliers and consumers. This means that the relationship between them, in addition to the market and administrative instruments are governed by social incentives. In these circumstances, substantially increasing the role of accumulated reputation that serves as a guarantee, reducing the possibility of unpredictable or opportunistic behavior of players. In addition, participation in group activities helps to further focus attention on the part of industry and regional mass-media, web resources, which could positively affect the corporate image. Participants receive necessary feedback (surveys, questionnaires, brainstorming issues), a platform for collective protection of their interests, as well as acquire the social environment through the exploitation of a new database for analysis and forecasting of commercial and production activities and the situation on the market. New opportunities and threats for vendors and consumers, market communications in collective meetings are examples of contemporary practices of Russian enterprises.

9-14 858
Abstract

Current state of the Russian economy is such that the overall level of economic development in 2013 was below average. The reasons for this deterioration are seen mainly in the low world market conditions and the continuing European recession, which significantly affect the state of Russian exports. However, factors of development of the industry and its role in the changing global and national reproduction is not yet considered in the proper context. In the newly developed for the period up to 2020 Economic Development Strategy basic idea of the concept is that Russia should form the prerequisites for innovative ways of transformation . This will not only require a deep diversification of the domestic economy, but also a certain revision of the functional specificity of industries.

Article is devoted to the processes of transformation in the industry of reproductive structures. Particular attention is focused on global economic trends, the formation of the new economy in terms of employment and reproductive efficiency of industrial production. Proposed to form the corporate, horizontally - oriented integration framework with a mechanism of governance.

15-20 755
Abstract

The titanic branch is one of most successfully developing directions of industrial production of the Russian Federation, its development is connected with creation of a titanic cluster. On the one hand, competitive advantages are a driving force of development of clusters. On the other hand, the market competition can lead to infringement in a cluster of social and ecological interests. The parity of economic, ecological and social interests is reached on the basis of a sustainable development of society.

Successful realization in practice of a paradigm of a sustainable development considerably depends on possibilityof a quantitative assessment of stability. For the solution of this task in article the analysis of methodical approaches, now in use for an assessment of a sustainable development is made. It is established that the system of the indicators reflecting this approach, is insufficiently developed. The author offered complex system of indicators of a sustainable development (branch, the enterprise). It qualitatively differs from approaches now in use:

– for productions and the branches using renewable resources (metallurgy and metal working concerns to them), it is offered to allocate the fourth direction – responsibility in a zone of rational use of resources;

– the system of indicators characterizing zones of responsibility for the account of introduction is expanded:

a) the indicators based on application of DS. It provided uniform approach, comparability and continuity of indicators both on micro and mesolevels, and on responsibility zones (economic, social, ecological);

b) indicators of formation and metalfund use (the general, extensive, intensive) in the sphere of rational use of resources. Such approach allowed for the branches using renewable resources (for example, metal) to reflect level of their rational use.

20-24 768
Abstract

In article theoretical aspects of modern Russian industrial modernization reveal, its interrelation with innovaktsionny development comes to light, necessary conditions for transition to innovative model of ekonomikchesky growth on the basis of industrial modernization are considered.

The post-industrial economy doesn't reduce a role of industrial base, and its razkvitiya and competitiveness forms new conditions for maintenance. In such conditions not only scales of industrial potential, but also its ability to technological updating start playing a paramount role for maintenance of a konkurentoksposobnost and development of concrete business and natsikonalny economy as a whole. As kernel of such industrial system the modern mashiknostroyeniye and instrument making without which the full-fledged national innokvatsionny system can't be created act.

The data characterizing the Russian economy in the period of the 2000th are provided. The main directions of its development which are including are noted:

– investment of development of intellectual potential and the higher education with simultaneous restoration of the macroinnovative cycle balanced with development of divisions of reproduction;

– stimulation of demand for domestic innovative industrial goods and services in the social sphere;

– development and implementation of federal investment programs of innovative industrialization of production and restoration of innovative business in manufacturing industry. 

25-28 741
Abstract

Fundamental factor in the value of the business is the quality of processes that determine the rhythm and profitability of the enterprise, the structure of production costs and the ability to consistently produce products with specified consumer properties.High process efficiency is achieved by continuous use of innovative technical and technological solutions aimed at developing a competitive advantage and increase revenue on this basis.

In a modern market economy enterprise management environment should be the economic environment. This is due to the fact that the organization and the enterprise is an economic category, implementing activities related to the increase in the volume of production and sales, increased productivity and technological complexes income (net income, depreciation and amortization of tangible and intangible assets), increasing the value of the property complex and business in general.

The article discusses the possibility of reducing operating costs in the production of metal for pipes by optimizing the composition of steel grade X70 , while ensuring the specified performance.
28-33 791
Abstract

The article discusses a new simulation approach allowing quickly and cost effectively estimate effects of risks on the development of production systems. Using the example of the superconducting plant, built by TVEL Fuel Company, which produces innovative products for the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor, the paper examines how the described forecasting model can be applied to risk assessment procedure.

The forecasting model on the basis of weighted graphs was created in R&D Center of Technological Forecasting of The National University of Science and Technology MISiS. The advantages of this approach are: a small amount of initial information for the model; system approach; simplicity of description of the dynamic processes and main indicators; capability to use different types of variables; getting quick results; ease of interpretation and flexible model structure.

In this paper we used the procedure for identifying and classifying risks, representing the effects of external factors on the described organizational and technical system. The paper also explains the calculated results of the effects of the identified risks: it was shown that at the end of the forecast period the most risks considerably reduce effectiveness of the main components of pro-duction plant by 15…30%. Defined the most vulnerable components of the plant exposed to the negative impacts of risks.

The proposed risk assessment methodology based on the dynamic prediction models recommended using in the development of effective management decisions of innovative industrial complexes.

34-36 785
Abstract

More than sixty years the industrial system of Russia consisting of hundred thousands of the highly specialized enterprises, was supported in balance due to the centralized redistribution of resources. Sharp transition to market economy resulted in considerable difficulties which increased up to the middle of 1999. Only since 2000th there is a revival of the Russian economy and restoration of the main macroeconomic indicators. However, despite activization of the measures undertaken at various levels of management, in development of industrial sector of economy there is a number of the factors constraining its development. In this regard research of the main tendencies and prospects of development of industrial sector of economy and justification of recommendations about increase of its functionality in modern economic conditions is represented actual.

In article the main indicators of economic development of the Russian Federation are considered. The analysis of dynamics of the credits which have been given out by types of economic activity and the separate directions of use of means during 2009–2012 is carried out. In work the assessment of dynamics of an index of industrial production, with the detailed analysis of volume of all types of industrial production of Russia is carried out.

Volumes of crediting of various areas of economy are specified.

37-41 723
Abstract

In the last decade in the metallurgical industry in Russia has been a wave of enterprise restructuring. One of the directions of these changes was the introduction of outsourcing. By the end of 2007 according to the Trade Union of Mining and Metallurgical Complex restructuring processes affected about 29,700 people in 86 units of 6 companies. However, only to outsource has been translated 29 units with a population 9500 people. (32% of the total fallen under restructuring).

Restructuring process in the industry had mixed effects, both in terms of improving the economic efficiency of holdings as a whole and in terms of mounting social tension in the region.

The article presents an approach to evaluating the effectiveness of outsourcing non-core functions in a metallurgical plant social consequences. Based on the data of a company is an example of calculation of efficiency in terms of the parent company and corporate entity as a whole.

State as one of the stakeholders, and in the case of the analyzed enterprises – the main shareholder must receive accurate information about the consequences of the restructuring of enterprises that directly affect the social situation of the city, the region.

Such an approach would make a real step toward ensuring equal rights as employees of large industrial enterprises, and the staff of newly established subsidiaries during enterprise restructuring. 

Corporate management

42-48 672
Abstract

Providing economic security of the country and investment appeal of the domestic industrial organizations connect now with formation of the integrated structures representing various institutional forms of property, financial and other integration of managing subjects.

The integrated structures of the industrial organizations (regardless of that they are realized on the basis of the contractual or institutional relations) are focused on selection of such participants that at implementation of the joint project attraction of resources at minimum price was provided, and also expenses and access to other valuable assets on acceptable conditions were optimized.

In article the algorithm of an assessment of efficiency of productions in the industrial organizations which are a component of integrated corporate structures is considered. Organizational and information aspects of activity of the department of the Corporate Relations (DCR) coordinating work of participants over the joint project are opened.

In case of adoption of strategically important decisions concerning joining to the integrated structure of new participants – the industrial organizations, responsibility for quality of collecting initial initial information is conferred on DKO for realization of an analysis algorithm of efficiency of the integrated productions under new projects.

48-55 927
Abstract

Organizations that have set themselves ambitious goals sooner or later have to choose a strategy of development: extensive , due to the growth of production or resource intensive - through the use of more effective methods . It is well known that the implementation of an extensive strategy, organization will face a situation where the coordination efforts on the increased number of employees are comparable with the effect of their activities.

Labour productivity is defined not by the level of development of technologies or used equipment. High degree of automation does not guarantee high performance. The latter is a result of proper organization of work – the business processes.

To get the most benefits from the process approach, it is necessary to use special means , which are called control system BP (Business Process Management System). This term means: first, information technology, pro-vides an executable model generation process directly from the graphical model of PD, and secondly, the concept of continuous improvement management BP, offering an evolutionary approach to the changes aimed at improving business efficiency.

In this paper , based on the analysis of commercial banks concludes application prospects BPMS to automate business processes. Alternatives up process management method not the current state of the economy does not allow enterprises to develop extensively.

55-61 726
Abstract

Dynamics of cost of the company reflects set of impact on business of a set of external and internal factors: branch development, emergence of new technologies, change of cost of resources, dynamics of stock market, management efficiency, etc.

The assessment of a sustainable development of the enterprise assumes the multilateral analysis of its financial, market (marketing), production (technological), personnel, administrative, ecological, logistic activity. Each of these activities of the enterprise is characterized by a set of indicators. The problem of an assessment of business of a limited data set in the mildest terms can arise at the first stage of acquaintance to business, and acceptance of a final decision on expediency of an investment of investments will require additional and more confidential information.

In article approaches and the methods, allowing to carry out an assessment of stability of development of the company on the basis of dynamics of its cost are considered. Author's development on carrying out an express assessment of business is offered. At calculation of cost of business by a method of an express assessment traditional approaches are applied, but calculations become on the basis of a small set of open data of financial statements of the companies. The offered method of an express assessment is applied at calculation of dynamics of change of cost of JSC Gazprom.

62-64 704
Abstract

development, decrease in number and qualification of the personnel, change of its structure, replacement of management and loss of many optimum organizational and administrative tools, including, systems of internal cost accounting.

In article questions of application and improvement of systems of material stimulation of the personnelin relation to the large domestic enterprises are considered. It is emphasized that experience of use of the intra firm cost accounting applied at the Soviet enterprises, is almost lost, including and in a section of material stimulation of workers.

However it is possible to find in it a lot of useful though completely to copy it, certainly it is impossible. In article the attention to need and expediency of coordination of the principles and awarding mechanisms, with specifics solved by these or those professional groups, working tasks is focused. The main characteristic of a task is its structure. Routine, creative, operational, strategic tasks, etc. are allocated. To each of them there have to correspond specific systems of stimulation. They, in turn, have to be a component of intra firm commercial calculation.

Regional economy

80-85 661
Abstract

At the present stage of development of the ship-repair enterprises of Murmansk region which is one of basic elements of a production system of regional economy, there was a requirement of training of the personnel to administrative approaches to the changes necessary for effective management for the purpose of achievement of goals.

Modern management of the ship-repair enterprises inherited experience of development of the enterprises in a planned economy and method of managements of the "common sense", developed during transition from a planned economy to the market.

The carried-out questioning of heads of a number of the ship-repair enterprises showed that the majority (87% from among respondents) don't wait any changes though don't exclude their need but from whom changes they have to proceed don't know. Reasons of a similar situation following:

– the current activity, at its intensity and dynamism, doesn't allow heads to be engaged strategic managements;

– at the ship-repair enterprises in organizational structures there are no divisions or the experts who are engaged in innovative changes;

– heads of the ship-repair enterprises have no theoretical knowledge and administrative culture.

Therefore, in the conditions of market economy, the enterprise managed to survive only until changes of environment allowed to operate, being guided by a "common sense" method. In more serious situations there could be insuperable difficulties.

In article actions for increase of administrative culture of heads of the ship-repair enterprises of Murmansk region that has to provide their successful development as an element of a production system of regional economy, will provide social and economic development of the region are offered.

86-89 910
Abstract

Research of questions of formation and functioning of regional systems gains now the increasing interest in our country. Accruing frequency of crises in economy and inefficiency of fight against them causes search of new methods them to counteraction or approbation of already earlier used, successful mechanisms of development of economy (especially on the example of development of economically developed regions of Russia).

In the second half of the 1920th in the USSR the process of industrialization caused by sharp intra economic and foreign policy situations began. The matters are well studied on materials of all state, but practically aren't investigated at local level. So almost completely there are no works in which questions of formation of the industry Tatar would be taken up by the Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.

Process of formation and functioning of the industry is shown to the Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in article on the basis of earlier unpublished sources Tatar at the end of 1920 - 1930. This time when from the underdeveloped region of the USSR the republic started turning gradually into the region with powerfully growing industrial sector. In article the considerable attention is paid to studying of gross indicators, investments, a ratio of heavy and light industry. In research it is featured the problems which were slowing down development of the industry of the republic during the considered period. 

Financial management

65-68 1037
Abstract

In the conditions of developing market economy and need of increase of competitiveness the most important principle of effective management of activity of the enterprise is application of technology of budgeting. It should be considered not only as process of development and the organization of implementation of the main and operational budgets, but also as administrative technology.

One of features of the present stage of development of domestic economy is existence at the domestic industrial enterprises of reserves of capacities and, thereof, possibility of various options of their use depending on market condition. In these conditions as a preferable method of planning and management for the domestic industrial enterprises having reserves of capacities, the flexible budgeting consisting in establishment of ranges of a possible variation of key parameters with the subsequent correction of the related economic indicators can be recognized. The developed technique of formation of the flexible budget allows to define the expected and flexible budget, to compare in the course of the analysis actual data not only with expected, but also to the flexible budget and to receive more adequate assessment of result of activity of the enterprise and its separate divisions that promotes increase of efficiency of made administrative decisions. 

68-73 1070
Abstract

The article raises the problem of improving the effectiveness of risk management practices of Russian enterprises industrial sectors. Studies show that the effectiveness of the management areas (enterprise risk management) is not high enough yet. On the majority of Russian industrial enterprises have problems implementing systemic risk management solutions.

Journalist held the idea that, for strategic planning of anti-crisis sustainability of the enterprise, the Internal monitoring of risks must be assessed and updated regularly as the effectiveness and efficiency of corporate insurance, and all the company implemented a systematic risk management processes. To do this, develop an appropriate methodology to assess. Therefore, in this article suggested and proved practically implemented method for assessing and monitoring the effectiveness of enterprise risk management. Formulated the general concept of internal risk monitoring in industrial plants. Provides the author's technique and economic-mathematical model assessing the effectiveness of the risk management system for complex performance criterion. Example of calculation and factor analysis using the proposed model is based on the evidence of a large industrial enterprise.

74-79 663
Abstract

Now in Russia and in the world as a result of modernization of the enterprises and the organizations the volume of electronic waste which are raw materials for the enterprises of secondary metallurgy of precious metals increases. Providing the enterprise with raw material resources is the most important condition of effective use of capacities. For management of receipt of raw materials on the enterprise there is a need of improvement of methodology of business planning by formalization of process of interaction of the enterprise with suppliers and competitors.

In article it is considered methodical questions of improvement of management by raw materials deliveries for the enterprise of secondary metallurgy. For justification of strategic price decisions in the market of purchase it is offered to use elements of the theory of games. The probability of purchase of the party which have arrived on the market of raw materials is recommended to be estimated with the help of an integrated indicator of efficiency which considers the most significant factors and the conditions influencing its acquisition. Recommendations under the terms of payment of deliveries of electronic scrap for the enterprise of secondary metallurgy using the technological scheme of complex processing of raw materials, considering features of structure of scrap, a situation are given in the market and the change in price for gold. 



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ISSN 2072-1633 (Print)
ISSN 2413-662X (Online)