The problem of the availability and consumption of hydrocarbons are critical to any economy. As of 2014, the scale of production and consumption of energy resources there are three major energy powers – China, the U.S. and Russia, and the United Europe, matching its energy policy within the European Union. Global economic competition requires fuel and energy complex (FEC) of Russia to increase existing and potential competitive advantages of the industry through resource and innovative development based on the use of the resource and intellectual potential of the country. The prospect of further development of the sector depends on the extent to which advanced technologies will be implemented by public and private oil and gas companies, how, where and when will be developed, acquired and used advanced equipment. The need for this approach is due to the challenges facing the industry today, because of easily extractable oil is over, so the Russian energy sector is forced to move gradually to the production of hydrocarbons in much more difficult conditions. It inaccessible hydrocarbons in the Arctic, Western Siberia, etc., it is inevitable the emergence of new environmental problems and risks. In the current  environment, the strategic interests of Russia should be associated with the need for a common energy infrastructure in the border regions of Europe and Asia, international development energy and transport systems and to ensure non-discriminatory transit of energy. For Russia as a WTO member, become the most important task to improve competitiveness, to further strengthen cooperation in the field of international trade in products of the fuel and energy complex, a significant increase of economic efficiency of government, elements of the national economy at all levels, particularly related to the activities of the energy industry, with focus on ensuring economic security of the country and the achievement of national interests.

The article is dedicated to the problem of the innovative development of the Russian economy. It describes sequences of the 2008-2009 crisis for Russia and countries with developed economy and presents data of capital outflow. The trace metals production presents one of innovative direction of economy development. Trace metals present now one of the main components of innovation growth practically in all developed and developing countries. The study of different approaches to commercialize the financing of the projects is very important in trace metal production. The article presents different principal documents defining what financial resources are required when organizing innovative trace metals production. The trace metals distribution in the world and the domination position of PRC in the field is depicted. The data on research financing in Russia compared with other countries is demonstrated. Trace metals find a broad application in different branches and definitions “innovation economy” and “trace metals production” are closely linked. The trend of trace metals production in Russia and approximate financing volumes are presented.

After the introduction of Western countries economic sanctions against Russia, the import substitution became one of economic development priorities. It must be clarified , that the achievement of desired results in this field can’t be instantaneous. First, you must understand that the selfsufficiency presents for such for a large country as Russia a permanent condition for its sustainable development. As estimated by Japanese specialists, in the eighties of the last century, the Soviet Union, conscious of the economic security, occupied in this regard the first place, the United States the second place in the world, while Germany and Japan were far lagging behind them. Now, due to the policy of Russia’s integration into the global economy carried out in the last decades we found ourselves in many kinds of products beyond the threshold of safety. While in no case seeking to isolate themselves, we are going to reduce the import dependence. Secondly, it should be borne in mind that excessive imports depress domestic industry designed to meet the needs we are now importing. On the other side, we can’t immediately abandon the import of goods satisfying the needs. We can regard the task of import substitution as performed only after domestic products will be completely able to substitute the import on the domestic market To do so, we need time and thoroughly considered plan of action. The authors propose a strategic framework, on the basis of which it is possible to build the import substitution program. According to the authors, we can immediately begin developing and executing the program , without waiting for foreign investment.

This article presents the results of a retrospective analysis of the process of change in the interaction of different business entities, on the example of the fishing industry, within the framework of regional management. Foreign experience and expertise of the planned economy of the USSR shows the need to create conditions for effective spatial interaction of business entities offshore and onshore areas of the coastal regions. Currently, in contrast to the planned economy, at the regional level there is no authority which would harmonize various potential users of the coastal and marine parts of the seaside region. Each participant pursues its corporate interest, often ignoring the socio-economic development of the region. Even within the same industry, the interests of interrelated business entities often do not coincide, so the search for effective mechanisms of spatial organization continues.Results of the study are presented. A comparative analysis of approaches to spatial development of the coastal regions regional economy is carried out, the marine spatial planning, comprehensive and integrated approach to the management of maritime activities is given. The urgent necessity to change the current approaches in the management of maritime activities is indicated , taking into account the need to create links with the coastal infrastructure of the seaside region. An infrastructure approach to manage such a unique area is suggested.. The experience of the spatial organization of the regional economy of developed market economies, in particular the creation of regional cluster associations is studied. The authors propose the development of infrastructure enterprises engaged in interaction within the marine waters and coastal areas of the northern region of Russia, typical of many coastal regions. The proposed solution of problems within the cluster association in the «spatial Kola coastal zone» will ensure the harmonization of interests of business in this area in order to achieve maximum synergy in the development of the regional economy, securing the socioeconomic development of the region as a whole.

It is generally recognized that the activities of modern transnational corporations (TNCs) influence the environment. Continuous reduction on the ecological footprint is a competitive advantage of TNCs in the world market. Consumers of the goods and services pay more and more attention to the environmental performance of transnational corporations. Analysis of environmental management systems in various TNCs shows that the methods of ensuring ecological footprint reduction can vary, but it is possible to identify the most effective ones. This article describes the ecological and economic methods of ensuring sustainable development, widely used at present in various multinational companies. The author identifies the following methods: environmental aspects assessment of industrial production, audits (internal, international, PAR, energy audits, etc.), the application of lean production techniques, the introduction of ecological innovations, SABD projects. The processes to ensure effective environmental management of transnational corporations are analyzed, the results of the tools implementation that can help reduce the impact of transnational corporations activities on the environment are described. On the basis of the officially published TNC reports concerning sustainable development tables are compiled containing information on innovative products that help to reduce the environmental impact. The importance of applying the principles and methods of sustainable development is demonstrated and incorporated into the general corporation management system.

The paper describes the application of foreign experience in solving unusual problems of the Russian economy while planning and forecasting development of national programs and projects. The most projects of the national economy modernization in Russia are developed basing on the German experience. The paper provides a comparative characterization of German and Japanese experience and analyses the reasons of predominance of the German experience and the dignity of the Japanese approach to modernization. A structural analysis of the Crimea’s energy system and its main features is carried out. The reasons are indicated which do not enable to apply standard approaches to the Russian energy sector development. Indicated are the features of Crimean energy systems that allow to draw parallels between the current situation in the Crimea energy sector and the situation in the Japanese post-war energetic. The paper provides recommendations for the modernization and development of the Crimean power system with maximum efficiency which are based on the “economic cross” methodology.

This article discusses the crisis in Russia, provides suggestions for improving the interaction between the main participants of the socio-economic regional development processes. AS such members large and small enterprises are regarded Emphasis is placed on the promotion and creation of favorable conditions for small business development, a key factor in overcoming territorial problems enhancing the innovative development of the socio-economic system in monoprofile cities. The executive authorities are often inclined to oppose the large-scale enterprises to the small ones, the emerging conflicts are solved in favor of large enterprises. This situation proves that despite declared recognition of the small business importance in practice the small business is discriminated because they are believed to turn out the low efficiency. The involvement of the Russian economy into the global processes implements searching for and finding places
where the operation will allow to get the maximum benefit from participation. Such places are presented for instance by «niches» for the provision of resources, primarily oil, gas and partially recycled metal and wood. This situation does not allow the economy of single-industry towns to develop effectively, partially due to lack of developed small businesses interacting with a large enterprise. It becomes clear that today it is impossible to ensure balanced growth of the mono cities economy providing the parallel development of small and large enterprises. The emergence of favorable conditions for the successful solution of local problems is possible when authorities will directly participate in the small business establishment including concrete measures aimed to its development.

In order to explore the possibility to reduce energy costs and waste , as well to increasing the quality of melted ingots , the vacuum arc furnace DVS-3.2-G1 in the steelmaking shop of JSC «Metallurgical Plant «Electrostal» has been modernized. The calculations of the cost of waste, electricity and wages, as well as of cost price including depreciation before and after the modernization of management system are presented. The diagram of financial flow, calculations of net present value over the years, as well as after the first and second iteration are presented. Data of the economic efficiency of the vacuum arc furnace automatization from 2014 to 2016 are presented. The article presents data of economic efficiency, estimates the cost of developing and implementing of the automated process control system. Established is the economic feasibility of the introduction of automatic process control on other vacuum arc furnaces in JSC «Metallurgical Plant «Electrostal».

The innovation policy of Russian industrial enterprises becomes under modern market economy
situation a decisive tool in the competition providing conditions for the implementation of customer requirements. However, the innovative potential of many industrial enterprises in Russia remains low. The situation is explained by significant depreciation of fixed assets, the use of obsolete technologies and inefficient system of infrastructure software. However, even having a sufficiently
innovative product it is difficult for enterprises to enter the domestic and especially foreign markets.
The reason – inefficient system of marketing communications. The implementation of a set of marketing communications, representing a whole range of interactions with suppliers, customers, the media, including advertising, sales promotion, personal selling and public relations, will improve the effectiveness of promoting innovative products to market. This article explains the importance of marketing communications in the development of innovative component of the domestic industry, indicates the innovation potential of Russian industrial enterprises, as well as the specific features of marketing communications for individual enterprises in the Rostov region. This article may have theoretical and practical significance presented information can be used by territorial government and in the course of developing a marketing communications complex when industrial enterprises offer their innovative products to the market.

In the article the urgency of innovative development of the mineral complex (CMC) of Russia plays a key role in the economy. Addressing reorientation raw orientation of the Russian economy on the economy, producing and selling products of extracted raw materials with high added value, is not possible without an increase in investment activity in innovative projects. The article analyzes the existing foreign and domestic approaches and methods of evaluation of investment attractiveness
of individual projects and companies in general, defined the main features that are typical for companies dealing with mining and processing mineral resources.
Justified cost-based approach to the assessment of investment attractiveness of innovative projects by MSCs. In this case, the value of individual companies MSCs will naturally decrease gradually, due to the depletion of mineral reserves being handled. The rising cost in these conditions is possible only in conditions of innovative technologies that contribute to increasing the volume of extraction of raw materials and production on the basis of its new products. The higher the value the company brings an innovative project, the greater its investment attractiveness.
Since the implementation of innovative projects mineral complex is associated with elevated risk of the investment attractiveness of innovative projects proposed MSC companies to produce on the basis of a new probabilistic index value of the company, taking into account the accuracy of the predicted results. A probability value of a company is determined by the introduction of this measure deterministic value of the options of assets and corresponding input parameters with increasing variation with increasing forecast period, taking into account both general and specific risks specific to individual innovations.

The paper presents results of minimal budget projects construction taking into consideration restrictions on the critical path way time. The peculiarities of mathematical models of life-cycle are formulated. The network life-cycle model is presented in the form of the special chain-like type graph or network model with ordered events. Taking into consideration specific features of life-cycle, models of parametrical analysis tasks are chosen primarily for network models with two sequential and parallel operations. As the method of parametrical linear tasks solving the visual analysis method is selected , based on geometrical construction of feasible solutions. The article considers also operational complexes which include three life-cycle stages of sequential or parallel activities. On the examples of life-cycle network models particular results of parametrical analysis tasks are obtained using time-cost criteria and then the specific solution results are generalized. As a goal function of linear program task the cumulative value of direct costs on the project work execution was assumed. The results obtained in this paper can be applied in the practice of project management tasks solving, production management, operations research and analysis of life-cycle product’s stages at industrial enterprises.

The article deals with changed condition in operational and investment activity of metallurgic enterprises connected with cyclic conjuncture decline in metal products market. Under these conditions we can observe a rising interest to the outsourcing as one of possible methods to elevate the plant operational efficiency. The article summarizes actual aspects of operational outsourcing proposed by various authors. Along with the term “ operational outsourcing”, the definition “investment outsourcing” is proposed and described. In this case the projects are secured thorough productive resources of metallurgic enterprises the customer. The customer presents an independent company which invests its own or borrowed means to implement the project. Potential advantages in investment outsourcing for metallurgical and industrial enterprises are described, the most important aspects specific for principal project implementation stages when using the investment outsourcing are outlined. The mentioned aspects include the right choice of the legal form of outsourcer company, being crucial to force the customer to invest into project implementation. The principal aspects and peculiarities of the contract between the enterprise and outsourcer aimed on the delivery of production resources are presented. The contract includes the formula of formation the price for delivered resources including constant payment not depending on the volume of delivered resources and variable payment depending on volume and quality of resources delivered. The article is accomplished with methodical approaches enabling to define the economic efficiency of different versions in implementation of investment outsourcing projects.

The paper deals with theoretical approaches to the development of a system to ensure investment projects in the managing company. Based on the chosen model of financing and lending of business and investment activities the recommendations for improving investment planning in business units of the holding are given. Considered are necessary measures to mobilize resources for the financial support of investment projects, a model is creates how to organize investment budgets holding business units. The paper applies methodological approaches to optimize the capital structure using evaluation reporting system in the field of investment activity. The technique of attracting borrowed funds is described , which allows to determine directions of development of the investment projects financial support , and to develop a model of investment budgets of the business units. The results obtained can be used in the organization of financial investment planning and construction of the accounting system in the field of investment activity in the holding.

The article is devoted to topical issues of assessing the impact of the intellectual capital of the company on key indicators of its activity. This is an important issue considering the growing interest of business leaders to increasing the effectiveness of production, efficient use of human resources contributing to the growth and development of innovative enterprise. The first attempts to differentiate and define the essence of intellectual capital (IC) have been taken more than a half century ago, but an unified approach to the interpretation of the «intellectual capital» concept has been not formed yet. The presently established approach to the assessment of the intellectual capital of the enterprise is based mainly on qualitative or quantitative assessment. However, in our opinion, it is advisable to assess its influence not so much in absolute terms but to evaluate its impact on financial performance. The paper proposes an approach to reveal the relationship between investment in intellectual capital elements and enterprise activities as a whole. On the basis of the developed technique the effect of IR on the activities of the three largest enterprises of Tatarstan has been evaluated revealing their almost direct relationship.

The paper analyzes the industrial sector of the Republic of Dagestan. Industry is the material production backbone of the economy of the region. Article ideals with actual problems because it shows a multiplicative impact of industrial enterprises on the economy as a whole - increasing the tax base, the creation of jobs. However, in the course of market reforms decades the Dagestan industry has faced many problems: the loss of cooperative ties, depreciation of fixed assets, shortage of qualified personnel and investments. Along with this, a long-term fall of industrial production share in Dagestan GRP is observed. The first part of the article is dedicated to the analysis of the main characteristics of mesoeconomic indicators, including: industrial production index, the structure of shipped goods, capital productivity. Based on these studies, the author comes to the conclusion that the dynamics of regional indicators compared with the nationwide indicators clearly reflects the separate and backward development of the Dagestan industry. The next chapter of the article is devoted to the analysis of the industrial policy implementation in the region. The author examines a set of policy documents, highlights key challenges and principal directions, determines problems hindering their implementation. In conclusion, the author criticizes the lack of system in the adopted policy documents, reveals the need to elaborate an effective methodology basing on strategic planning and developed regions experience implementation. In Dagestan, in the first place, it is expedient to adopt a republican law on industrial policy by identifying goals and objectives and a clear mechanism of action to address the existing problems.

In order to increase the efficiency of the regional economy the authors present proposals for modeling the principles of effective spatial distribution of resources between territorial entities of business. The existing experience is analyzed, the comparative analysis between structural construction of territorial production complexes in the period of the planned economy and structures appeared the market economy is carried out. The search for successful use of the spatial distribution of economic resources of the regional economy is a multi-faceted, complex and multi-vector scenario. Each region has its own unique potential to be used in determining the strategy of its socio-economic development. As a rule, each region exhibits its priority sectors of the regional economy which can act as development «locomotive» for related branches and enterprises. Coastal regions, numbering twenty in Russia, in particular, are associated with its priority development of maritime activities. The authors indicate the sector of commercial fishing, which for many reasons can become the core of an effective regional structural association representing the fishing industry cluster. For the effective functioning of a fishing cluster, it is proposed to change the principles of biological resources quota allocation between users in order to ensure the principle of market economic relationships of the fishing vessel with the shore and shore-based service companies providing marine economic activity. By implementing such a mechanism economic resources would be favorably distributed between participants of the cluster associations and secure better efficiency of the regional economy. Proposals for improving the spatial distribution of economic resources are applicable to all Russian coastal regions and can be used in developing methods improving the regional economy efficiency. The more effective the spatial distribution of economic resources of the North Basin on the example of the fishing industry, creation of conditions to implement the adopted strategy will allow to apply these
approaches for other priority sectors of the regional economy as well as to provide a positive impact on the general results of socio-economic development of the region.

The present article describes the key issues of Chinese expansion on the oil and raw materials market of African region. Considering that Chinese People’s Republic economic welfare demonstrates the diligent tendency to active growth, all relevant issues become subject for study and deep research. In last decades China intensified the rates of its economic development and finally skyrocketed to the level of the most developed and economically successful countries. The policy of active international cooperation, rapid technological progress, wide range of developing
programs and fair reputation of China made the African region favorably disposed for economic expansion spreading to various segments of market. Undoubtedly, Chinese presence on the African economic field will cause different consequences for the region. The article analyses advantages and disadvantages of the expansion, describes position of leading economists in this field.

The review presents results of the study dedicated to the elaborating the methodical instruments for advanced technology management in the field of classifying the relative enterprises. The research had to solve two targets: to renew the definition „ advanced technology
management” and to modify the definition of an entreprise as methodical seciring oft he advanced technology management. Basing on results of the rating of leading innovators, both Russian and foreign, in 2013 the development conditions for advanced technology management on meso and microlevels has been shown, the definition “advanced technology business enterprise“ and three
enterprise groups have been precised; the definition “knowledge economy“ as a combination of functioning of 38 different kinds of industrial enterprises economic activity and 36 kinds of science consuming services. Critical areas in the modern classification of advanced technology enterprises have been disclosed, an approach to classify different kinds of industrial enterprise and science consuming services has been shaped, the classification of different kinds of industrial production and kinds of science consuming services have been modified. Advantages of the elaborated classification of advanced enterprises scientific-theoretical and scientific-practical study results for
advanced technology enterprises are presented, as well as a complex of scientific-practical recommendations in the field of industrial enterprises and science consuming services and the methodical demonstration of the economy activity kinds. The review applied and analyzed following
papers of the Russian and European origin: Rosstat (2013), Eurostat (2008), the National research university“The Higher Economy school”, analytical materialsThomson Reuters (USA), “Techuspekh” (Russia), vast practical material taken from the activity of foreign and Russian advanced technology enterprises.

The article deals with problems of collection and storage of information which will be subsequently
processed and interpreted when forecasting the demand in the motorcar industry. Socio-economic forecasting is an effective predictor of demand for manufactured products. In this case, the forecasting process is quite complex, since it depends on a large number of both predictable and unpredictable options. To implement and improve forecast accuracy it is necessary to identify the most important factors influencing the projected figure. The article defines the basic macroeconomic, political, legal, market, infrastructure and production factors influencing the change of the potential demand for the products of the motorcar industry. Factors presented in the paper inherit specific peculiarities, they differ from each other, thus it becomes necessary to identify both factors and their qualitative and quantitative description. On the basis of quantitative and qualitative data analysis the methodological approaches to the development of multipliers are
described which influence the most significant reasons for the development of the motorcar industry , including the mechanism for assessing the scale of the integral indicator characterizing the macroeconomic conditions of the process. As a practical example of the implementation of the proposed methods of forecasting the results of shortterm forecast for the commercial and passenger segment of the motorcar industry are presented.. For better demonstration of forecast the article provides graphics and radar chart. The article may be of interest both for a wide audience engaged in theoretical aspects of branch prediction and for practitioners working in the relevant field.

The article investigates the application of the terms «efficiency» and «effectiveness» for the assessment of industrial production and technological processes. It is common in this country to use the term «efficiency» without clear separation the achievement of objectives (effectiveness) and resources expended (efficiency). Such an approach make it difficult to identify possible inconsistencies arising when performing the processes and carrying out the necessary corrective or preventive actions, especially true in public institutions. The active policy of import substitution and development of innovative economy in our country will necessarily require the introduction of common
approaches in the evaluation of progress and in comparisons between different sectors and countries.It is strongly recommended to apply these concepts in accordance with the standard GOST ISO 9000–2011.