Development strategy
In work theoretical basics of the development mechanism of industrial service in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation (AZRF) are covered. Competition toughening, diversification of structure of world economy and consumption of energy resources demand activization of innovative industrial activity in the Arctic. Development of capacity of the Arctic in difficult climatic conditions requires innovative technology solutions, the accompanying equipment and modernization of the production sphere. Industrial service can promote introduction of innovative technologies and the corresponding equipment for production base of the Arctic resource corporations. Creation and development of industrial service in the Arctic requires coordination of the public and corporate innovative policy.
Such models of coordination of interests of the state and corporations in the sphere of industrial service as publicprivate partnership and activity of non-profit organizations are considered. The basic principle on development of industrial service on the basis of model of public-private partnership is readiness of the private sector to bear the certain risks connected with development of the industry in the Arctic. In the sphere of industrial service in the Russian Arctic it is possible to direct activity of non-profit organizations on training of personnel and businessmen in development of industrial service, advance of services of service companies in Russian the Arctic and in other regions. NPOs can also promote creation and introduction of innovative projects, establishing communications between science and production. The purposes, the directions, forms of activity of public authorities directed to formations of innovative policy of development of industrial service in AZRF are offered.
The article presents a study on the economic significance of the EAEC for the industrial enterprises of the Russian Federation. The relevance of the study is to analyze the possibilities of using instruments of tariff regulation in the framework of the EAEC in order to stimulate economic efficiency of industrial enterprises through the development of export-import operations between the member countries of the Eurasian Economic Union in terms of economic sanctions. Tariff regulation in favor of one of the measures aimed at the stabilization and development of foreign trade activity in the conditions of crisis tendencies, manifested in the economies of EAEC countries. At the same time, the management tools of customs policy is important not only from the point of view of the national economy of the Russian Federation, at its different levels, but also in terms of the strategy of deeper regional integration of the member countries of EAEC. As a result of the research, the author comes to a conclusion about the economic feasibility and efficiency of tariff regulation of foreign trade in the territory of the EAEC. This tool stimulates the development of domestic industry, which makes the customs and tariff regulation subject to the strategic planning of economic development of Member States included in this economic integration. According to the author, a further reduction of customs tariffs will lead to the development of EAEC countries through the establishment of free economic zones that will promote economic stability of the Member States EAEC and most competitive industries of these countries.
In article potential barriers of strategic grouping of competitors with reference to conditions of one of the branch markets of industrial sphere - a manufacture feather-down are designated. Pilot testing of heads and leading experts of the given sphere is with that end in view carried out. As it is necessary to apply a small number of barriers of strategic grouping of competitors to definition of strategic groups of competitors the most significant barriers of strategic grouping of competitors with reference to operating conditions of the enterprises of sphere a manufacture feather-down are revealed. Among them production degree of quality, the size of the enterprise, level of a diversification of manufacture, equipment the modern equipment of processing of raw materials, a degree of quality of integumentary materials, a price level, a degree of quality of used raw materials, width of assortment of production, a manufacture technological level, a personnel skill level. Elimination of insignificant barriers of strategic grouping is carried out by means of application of a way of expert estimations, namely ranging procedure. Are established relative weight of importance of barriers of strategic grouping of competitors in the designated branch market. Leaning against the allocated barriers it is necessary to carry out strategic segmentation of competitors of the branch market a manufacture feather-down. It will allow to define more accurately direct competitors for the enterprises of the given sphere and correctly to generate strategy of their competitive struggle.
Innovative economics
The article considers the problem of assessing the investment attractiveness of industrial enterprises. Modern methods allow to assessing this parameter in a complex considering the relevant factors and reflecting their action in the integral indicator. However, consideration of a great number of particular indicators in the model is associated with time-consuming process of large information blocks processing while the result is not always defined beforehand. The article contains the results of the practical application of the author’s method of selection and assessing industrial enterprises on an indicator of investment attractiveness which provides purposeful step-by-step selection of an investment object among the group of companies. Selection and final assessing take into account requirements of specific investors. The practical application of the method carried out by the example of group of radio-electronic industry companies and for the three types of investors. As a result we created a list of estimated enterprises ranked in terms of their investment attractiveness indicator. The analysis of particular indicators influence on the final integral indicator value allows to define opportunities of investment attractiveness management by changing these parameters. The model enables to identify factors which parameters values are the most unacceptable and to rationally select ones from them which are the most suitable for the development of the necessary corrective management actions.
Material production is the basis for the economy. The result of the development of the sphere of material production will be largely depend on the directions of the state industrial policy, which should be formed at the federal level and should be brought to a logical understanding and practical implementation at the level of individual regions. In conditions of systemic economic crisis, whose consequences are already apparent to the national economy, industrial development requires new approaches to management of production and state involvement in the investment process. There was developed for this purpose and adopted for the implementation of state program named “Development of industry and improve its competitiveness”, which includes a complex of subprograms, directed at the development of various sectors of Russian industry, from the military-industrial complex to the food industry. There’s a program specified volumes of budget financing and targets that must be reached in each of these industries. However, in the first period (to 2016) of implementation of the program targets are not been met. At observance of full funding was not achieving the planned growth of industrial production and productivity in any industry. It discusses the possible reasons for the negative results. For example, the program does not stipulate the organizational and economic mechanisms and program-targeted tools that can be used to solve practical problems and to achieve the goals set out in the program. Also in the program there are no data on the sources and amounts of private investment. It is a sign of a compensatory nature to stimulate the development of domestic industry. Not only must indicate potential sources of private investment, but also indicate the mechanisms which they can be involved in the development of industrial production, because a private investor, in the first place, interested in guarantees of profit from investment. The government can provide this result through the establishment of a favorable investment climate. There can be used the same degree and market and administrative resources for these purposes. Combining them into a system creates incentives for investment activity in the sectors of domestic production.
Corporate management
The problem of compromise of interests of banks and the real sector became particularly acute with the introduction of anti-Russian sanctions. Access to long cheap money in the West is closed, as well as to productive assets and technology. These aspects resulted in a contradictory situation: on the one hand you must support the Russian manufacturer of the borrowed Bank resources loyal conditions, on the other hand, banks are unable these terms to provide themselves and need the support of the cheap long-term money. The article considers and analyzes the main Bank strategy as a tool for the implementation of the interaction of banks and manufacturers. Credit-investment strategy specify the types, conditions, amounts and structure of active operations and ways of their implementation (implementation) and behavior of the Bank in appropriate segments of the financial market. Deposit-accumulation strategy defines the types, conditions, amounts and structure of passive operations, and also the behavior of the Bank on certain market segments, taking into account the influence of external and internal factors (including crises and their possible consequences). Interest-pricing strategy determines a reasonable amount of interest on loans and deposits, as well as tariffs (price terms) of provision of Bank services, including list of operations conducted by them free of charge. Is part of the strategies discussed earlier. An inaccurate account of inflation risks in interest rates gives rise to impairment of deposits and loans. These processes are known as the Fisher effect, which is proposed to be used as indicator of equilibrium between the banking and real sectors of the economy. The conclusions about the necessity of improving the methods for calculating interest rates and some recommendations, the necessity of state support for optimizing profitable credit and investment cooperation between banks and Industrialists.
the article reflects the author’s idea about possibility to evaluate the efficiency of management of joint property in the companies with state participation in certain quantitative indicators. The proposed indicators are universal: they can be applicable to assess the effectiveness of management of joint property as relatively small companies, and well-known in the Russian reality of the giant enterprises of the oil and gas sector. In the article the efficiency of management of joint property in the companies with state participation is viewed through the prism of the quality of corporate governance. At the same time linear dependence between the efficiency of management of joint property and the quality of corporate governance, the key indicators which have the greatest influence on the effectiveness of joint property. The author’s technique of an estimation of quality of management of joint property in the companies with state participation is largely formed on the basis of available Methodology for self-assessment of the quality of corporate governance developed by the Federal Agency for state property management in 2014 and has absorbed the best international practices of management in the specified sphere. The author of the proposed technique can be used to assess the quality of management of joint-stock property companies, both public and private sector.
Business economics
The role of industry and industrial enterprises in the modern economy has been determined. Specificity of industrial organizations of small and medium business is singled out, for which the necessity of developing strategic programs for increasing profitability, profitability and financial stability is justified. The analysis of the factors influencing the activity of industrial enterprises in modern economic conditions is carried out. The main focus is on the efficiency indicators of industrial enterprises in the current economic conditions. General characteristics of «Armagus» JSC are given and an estimation of measures for increasing the efficiency of the sales channel of the enterprise is given. The structure of ARMAGUS products is analyzed. The measures of «Armagus» JSC to reduce the cost of production have been developed. The main technical and economic indices of the activity of Armagus JSC, which manufactures pipeline valves in a full production cycle, are analyzed. The estimation of influence of indicators on increase of efficiency of economic activity is given. The segments of formation of demand for ARMAGUS products are determined. The factors characterizing the level of efficiency of the activity of Armagus JSC are determined. The strategic guidelines for determining the directions for increasing the efficiency of the activities of Armagus JSC are given. Possibilities and main directions of increasing the efficiency of industrial enterprises in the current economic conditions are considered.
To ensure ongoing production activity of an industrial enterprise regularly acquires a large number of different goods, works and services from external suppliers and contractors. A procurement activity at the industry enterprises is one of the main business processes. It strongly depends on the action as various factors of the external and internal environment of the company.
The external environment of modern industrial enterprises characterized as complex, mobile and uncertain that markedly complicates management decisions, increases the level of risk. On the other hand impose significant limits internal features of consumer behavior of industrial enterprises. Among them distinguish particular conservatism, aiming at stability in the relationship, the need to maintain the continuity of the technological cycle, fear of possible negative effects and additional cost when you change the properties of the materials consumed or from changing the traditional supplier. In most cases, this is a consequence of the desire of management to protect the production process from the uncertainties and risks. Special industry consumer behavior significantly influences the organization of procurement activities and needs to take into account when designing the interaction model manufacturing company with external environment in modern conditions. To address emerging issues new procurement mechanisms and tools, such as e-commerce, regulated procedures for selecting suppliers, etc. should be complemented by development institutions long-term intercompany coordination, such as the rules of interaction, coordination structures, interfirm networks, etc.
Training of professional personnel
The article is devoted to the training of personnel for the domestic economy. The authors note that one of the main challenges of the XXI century is becoming a «knowledge economy». So, the economy must be provided the staff of the new formation, able to meet the challenges of the time.
The world economy is already feeling the influences of the third industrial revolution, which will lead to the fact that the number of workers in the sphere of material production will decrease and most of them will be linked to intellectual work (development, research, design).
In today’s dynamic competitive environment, knowledge and competence of personnel becomes a crucial factor. In today’s dynamic competitive environment, knowledge and competence of staff are a key factor of competitiveness of the company. It shows the importance of intellectual capital to improve the quality of products and services.
The analysis of personnel training in vocational education notes an alarming trend of increasing training by correspondence in higher education organizations. For centuries centered teaching methodology has always been based on personal contact with students and teachers. In this regard, even from a psychological point of view, most people find it hard to adapt to gaining knowledge through the Internet on their own without communication with the teacher. The practice of many major international companies and leading Western universities showed high efficiency of the hybrid learning model. The authors tested methods of teaching, contributing to the improvement of quality of preparation of graduates of educational institutions are given.
Regional economy
The article is devoted to interconnection between Russia’s place in the global economic space and internal processes at the regions for creation and implementation of new products. Corruption impact on firm’s capacity to transform R&D into market successful goods is discussed. Its impact on business access to credits and loans is considered. Russia’s place in the global system of patent registration is compared with the internal patent activity. For this purpose statistics on domestic patent applications was disaggregated on federal districts statistics. Federal districts is compared on patent activity. The effectiveness of human capital use is interpreted as one of the causes of different patent activity. The volume of shipped innovation products per unit of human capital is chosen as the criterion of effectiveness of human capital use. Furthermore, the interrelation between patent activity and industrial facilities and business incubators (technoparks) at Federal district is discussed. The possibility to use the world positive experience of business-incubators for innovation activity development in Russian economy is analyzed.
World economy
In article forms and conditions of interaction of participants of innovative process, feature of creation and development of organizational system for technologies transfer in member countries of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) are considered. On the basis of the analysis of the transfer systems functioning in various countries (Kazakhstan, Russia, China, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan), the author allocates the key and most perspective directions of development of integration of scientific and educational, production spheres and the state for the purpose of special mechanisms formation of the innovative processes organization for providing effective interaction between all its participants. The conclusion about need of creation of the organizational system based on integration of institutes of the state, science, business and education in SCO countries for formation of competitive hi-tech production, improvement of structure of export due to increase in a share of innovative production in him and decrease in a raw orientation, increase of the status of the countries in the world market of technologies is drawn.
ISSN 2413-662X (Online)