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Russian Journal of Industrial Economics

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Vol 16, No 4 (2023)
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Regional economy

361-371 589
Abstract

To realize the potential of regional entrepreneurship as a system of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) of the region it is essential to develop a successful winning strategy oriented towards rapid exploitation of new opportunities. To this end, it is necessary to clarify the essence, boundaries, structure, and functions of the object of strategizing. The research is based on the general theory of strategy and methodology of strategizing, the theories of entrepreneurship, the systematic approach. The authors study approaches and theories that explain the essence, the functions and the structure of the system of regional entrepreneurship by applying systematization and content analysis methods. While analyzing the theories of entrepreneurship four components of the strategic mission of SMEs have been defined as follows: providing guarantees to partners, movement and productive use of factors of production, implementation of innovation, creation of gazelle companies (with the average annual increase in revenue or employment of more than 20% over 3 years). The study has shown that they are not fully implemented, and so the situation requires developing a new strategy or improving the old one. And the strategy of development of entrepreneurship in the region should contribute to the implementation of higher-level strategies (regional and sectoral). Moreover, the strategy should define the basic policies for strategizing the components of regional entrepreneurship – individual enterprises, clusters, different types of activities. The study offers a structural and logical scheme of relationship of the strategy of development of regional entrepreneurship (on the example of Kemerovo region – Kuzbass) with other strategic planning documents. Also, the authors justify the expediency of differentiation of  strategic priorities of traditional and innovative entrepreneurship in the region. The analysis of theoretical foundations of exploring entrepreneurship as the object of strategizing has made it possible to clarify the basic components of its mission and justify the place of the corresponding strategy in the general system of strategic planning documents. Clarification of the boundaries and the content of the system under study ensures moving on to the strategic OTSW-analysis. The findings of the study can be used in justification of strategic decisions of entrepreneurs and regional authorities.

Industrial management

372-380 568
Abstract

The authors suggest a renovated approach to market research. The approach is based on the causal relationship of functioning of market entities considered in the «Structure – behaviour – performance» model. The study involves the analysis of approaches to assessment of sectoral markets within which the main indicators describing the market structure are formulated. The results of the study are presented in the form of a report on the market structure containing a set of socio-economic metrics. The structure can become a foundation for developing integral indicators of the market performance and effectiveness and determining market parameters. The suggested method integrates different areas of economic knowledge allowing to increase the completeness of information and its relevanceo a specific market entity. The results of the study can be used when making decisions to improve business efficiency on the basis of a complementary set of indicators describing the homeostasis of the market and understanding its further development.

National Industrial Economies

381-397 357
Abstract

The article reflects the results of a multidimensional study aimed at analyzing the established models and concepts of technopolises, focusing on their cyber-physical development in the light of modern technological and socio-economic changes. Technopolises are recognised as some of the largest and potentially most important projects in the world. The aim of the research was to systematise and analyse existing models of technopolis development, and to identify the key factors influencing the efficiency and innovation activity of these zones in the context of digitalisation and intellectualisation of industry. The evolution of research interest in the technopolis concept was analysed. The systematization of definitions and theoretical approaches to the concept of technopolis was carried out. The echeloned concept of technopolis is presented on the basis of the cognitive triad of economic, technological and urban planning aspects. The empirical typology of clusters is built, their differences from science cities and technoparks are shown. Technopolises are proposed to be considered from the position of their inclusion in the object component of innovation-industrial ecosystems along with clusters, parks and zones. The limitations of the technopolis concept are highlighted. The analysis of the current state and prospects of technopolises development in the Russian Federation as locomotives of innovation activity in the conditions of industry digitalisation is carried out. The model of cyber-physical technopolis based on intellectual spaces integrating the latest achievements in the field of information technologies and managerial innovations is proposed. The proposed model implies the creation of synergetic interaction between physical and digital elements of the industrial environment, which can serve as a stimulus for the leapfrog development of technopolises and the entire innovation-industrial ecosystem of the country. The development of models for assessing the economic contribution of cyber-physical technopolises at the macro- and micro-levels may become a direction for further research.

398-409 448
Abstract

The problem of regional polarization is one of the barriers to development of the Russian Federation which have existed for the past 30 years and are still existing. This situation requires developing and implementing effective mechanisms and instruments to constrain the growth of interregional differences with the consideration of Russia’s strategic interests. It is impossible to solve the problem without creating a common economic space on the basis of regional and interregional clusters. The key hypothesis of the research is that unbalanced development of Russian regions is to a large extent the consequence of the established architecture of value chains when for many years the factors of localization of industries have not been taken into account while conducting the economic policy. Finally, as the tool for ensuring balanced development of the territory the cluster approach to industry policy failed to produce any positive results. The authors suggest a new methodological approach allowing to study the process of localization of industries in the space based on the calculated coefficient of localization of industries. The results of the study have allowed to make a conclusion about the necessity of consistent industry policy in the context of the trinity of interrelated and interdependent categories: territorial division of labor – specialization – clusters.

410-418 262
Abstract

The article deals with the approach to recycling of electronic industry waste based on the implementation of the best available technology. The author has analyzed the concept of «the best available technology» in Russian scientific and legal literature as well as similar terms in the legal documentation of the European Union. It was revealed that the approachbased on the best available technology in the Russian Federation is significantly similar to that of the European countries. The existing criteria of classification of technologies to the best available technologies and their hierarchy have been analyzed. Also, the author considered the process of establishing the best available technologies and their corresponding levels of environmental performance and analyzed the amount of generated, disposed, neutralized and buried waste of electrical and electronic equipment. The analysis has shown an increase in the volume of waste generation and disposal with a low recycling rate. The analysis of the existing system of electronic waste management has shown its inconsistency with the recycling economy the transition to which was declared as a goal. It is confirmed by the constant increase in the amount of electronic waste and the insignificant rate of its reuse and decontamination. To perform a faster and more efficient transition to a closedloop economy it has been suggested to facilitate the change of behaviour of consumers of electronic equipment in terms of its disposal and develop a waste management system built on the principles of a close-loop economy which will be based on the constantly updated and improved best available technologies.

 

419-430 571
Abstract

The creative economy creates significant economic value through the production and replication of commercial goods as well as the creative services export. New industries and commercial structures are formed, tourism is stimulated, favorable investment climate and technology transfer is organized through the creative economy brands creation. The purpose of this article is to identify successful experiences in the creative economy strategic development in New Zealand, as the New Zealand experience has been poorly studied in academic discourse. Although the creative industry in New Zealand is vital economic sector, there are also number of problems that need to be solved to support its further growth and development. Therefore, the creative economy of New Zealand has been defined as the research object, the research subject is the strategic development experience. The methodology of the research is the general theory of strategy and the methodology of strategizing, developed by Professor V.L. Kvint. The methods of research were analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization, strategic benchmarking as well as OTSW-analysis. New Zealand has implemented a number of strategies and initiatives aimed at supporting the creative industry and promoting innovation in the country. The strategic initiatives implemented to support the industry have helped unlock its economic growth potential. The successful development of the film industry allowed the serious national brands creation. The article conducted a strategic analysis of New Zealand’s creative economy and identified strategic opportunities – these include the development of industries that were not supported at the state level. The author also analyzed the best practices of workforce strategy in the creative economy of New Zealand. The scientific and practical significance of obtained lies in the possible implementation to adjust the national state policy in the field of heritage and culture support, as well as the technological entrepreneurship innovative ecosystem formation. The experience gained as a result of the study of the New Zealand creative economy strategic development can be applied to differentiate promising areas for further creative economy strategic development of the Russian Federation, taking into account the labor resources optimal use.

Business economics

431-441 545
Abstract

The problems of evaluating various strategies for maintenance and repair (MRO) of elements of fixed assets of the electric power infrastructure of an industrial enterprise in order to choose the optimal option are considered. The author suggests using three key indicators as criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of the considered maintenance strategy: the amount of costs for the implementation of the strategy, the coefficient of technical readiness of the equipment in question and the amount of maximum risk from the implementation of the strategy. Particular attention is paid in the article to the compliance of the chosen MRO strategy with the current equipment load and performance requirements. The paper considers an example of the application of the proposed methodology to real elements of the power supply of an industrial enterprise. The calculation of the listed indicators is made for a critical element of the energy infrastructure of an industrial enterprise of the metallurgical industry, the failure of which will lead to a halt in the production process of finished products.

442-455 365
Abstract

Modern conditions for the development of the corporate sector are impossible ifESG-principles are not implemented in the business models of companies. Environmental, social and governance factors embedded in the ESG format represent a standard for assessment of the companies’ performance and investment. The article contains the results of review of thematic publications on the implementation of ESG principles in the corporate sector; Russia’s practice and Soviet experience on the implementation of ESG-principles in the economics are analyzed. Special attention is paid to the review and analysis of ESG-ratings of multinational and Russian companies. The authors have studied the experience of implementing ESGprinciples in the activity of the public limited company «Novolipetsk metallurgical plant» and its subsidiaries (NLMK company group) – the leader of 2023 ESG rating of Russian companies made by «RA Expert RA».

456-467 409
Abstract

In modern conditions, the main factors of breakthrough development are competition by business models and the speed of decision-making. An enterprise is more efficient if it has a business model that is more adequate to the current level of development of advanced production technologies. The aim of the work is to form a modified model for assessing the digital maturity of an industrial enterprise, ensuring the acceleration of its digital transformation. A two-level model for assessing the digital maturity of industrial enterprises is proposed, which has a modular architecture and combines a top-level module for assessing the maturity of an enterprise and its management system and a lower-level module for identifying the level of digital maturity of the main, auxiliary business processes and technological solutions of the enterprise. The model is based on the use of qualitative analysis methods and allows to identify the strengths and weaknesses of an enterprise and identify opportunities for implementing digital innovative solutions. The developed model could be used as a basis for designing self-assessment tools for an industrial enterprise in the process of developing and adapting its digital transformation strategy. The advantage of the model is a systematic analysis of heterogeneous information about the level of maturity of the enterprise and its management system, characterizing the degree of achievement of its goals, as well as information about the level of digital readiness of individual business processes and technologies of the enterprise, the assessment of which will justify the implementation of differentiated digitalization tools. The model was tested at a large machine-building enterprise in the Republic of Bashkortostan.

Environmental economics

468-477 398
Abstract

Livestock’s liquid waste recycling is an important ecological and manufacturing goal of proactive import substitution as an imperative of Russia’s production safety, since modern reality in economy and geopolitics dictate a need of developing our country with the goal of providing its safe functioning. In this article the main approaches to a question of introducing biogas installations as strategically important projects in Russian Federation are reviewed, several results of their introduction into different layers of society and economy are shown, an example of an implemented waste recycling project based on author’s technology in subsidiary farm of Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Novosibirsk) is provided. In the course of the study, the following tasks were solved: (1) a strategical need of using biogas installations in Russian Federation as one way of neutralizing global, national and regional ecological threats was defined; (2) introduction of biogas installations for different groups of customers depending on their priority goals (from farmers and food industry manufacturers reducing costs of production to zoos and agricultural holdings improving their image) was justified; (3) financial profit of introducing biogas installations on the example of organic product manufacturing in the form of «TORorganic» top dressing for plants in subsidiary farm of Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Novosibirsk) was analysed.



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ISSN 2072-1633 (Print)
ISSN 2413-662X (Online)